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Photo-Reversible Coumarin-Based Networks With Tailorable Properties for Extrusion 3D Printing and Adhesive

Axel Parys1, Hannes Vandeputte1, Laurens Parmentier1

  • 1Polymer Chemistry and Biomaterials Group, Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Centre of Macromolecular Chemistry, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.

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PubMed
Summary

Researchers developed dynamic coumarin end-capped urethane based poly(ethylene glycol) (CUP) materials. These light-responsive polymers can be rapidly formed and cleaved using UV light, enabling applications like 3D printing and tunable adhesives.

Keywords:
adhesivecoumarin dimerizationextrusion printing

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Area of Science:

  • Polymer Chemistry
  • Materials Science
  • Photochemistry

Background:

  • Static materials limit applications requiring dynamic changes.
  • Photo-reversible chemistries enable light-controlled material properties.
  • Developing dynamic materials is crucial for advanced fabrication.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Synthesize and characterize coumarin end-capped urethane based poly(ethylene glycol) (CUP) materials.
  • Investigate the light-induced network formation and cleavage of CUP materials.
  • Evaluate the potential of CUP materials for 3D printing and as light-responsive adhesives.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of coumarin end-capped urethane based poly(ethylene glycol).
  • Characterization using UV-Vis spectroscopy and rheology.
  • Evaluation of network formation and cleavage kinetics under different UV wavelengths and times.
  • Assessment of printability via extrusion-based 3D printing.
  • Measurement of adhesive strength on glass substrates.

Main Results:

  • CUP materials exhibit rapid network formation (>90% conversion) within 5 min under 365 nm irradiation.
  • Reversible network cleavage (>70%) is achieved in 30 s under <300 nm irradiation.
  • Viscoelastic CUP precursors are suitable for ambient temperature extrusion printing, producing high-resolution, shape-retentive prints.
  • The material functions as a strong, reversible, and tunable light-responsive adhesive for glass, with strengths ranging from 53 ± 15 to 1717 ± 367 kPa.

Conclusions:

  • Coumarin-based photochemistry enables the creation of dynamic CUP materials with tunable properties.
  • CUP materials are promising for applications in 3D printing and light-controlled adhesion.
  • The reversible nature and tunable adhesive strength offer significant advantages for advanced material design.