Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 3, 2026
03:26
Detrusor Underactivity Model in Rats by Conus Medullaris Transection
Published on: August 28, 2020
Intravesical Botox: An Effective Therapy for Refractory Monosymptomatic Nocturnal Enuresis
Eliza Szwarcberg1, Chris Kimber1,2, Kiarash Taghavi1,2
1Department of Paediatric Urology, Monash Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia.
Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health
|June 2, 2026
Summary
Intravesical Botox effectively treats refractory monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis (MNE) in children. Over half of patients experienced significant improvement, with a well-tolerated safety profile.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Urology
- Pediatric Nephrology
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis (MNE) affects many children, often proving resistant to standard treatments.
- Intravesical Botox is utilized for other pediatric voiding disorders, but its role in MNE requires further elucidation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the efficacy and safety of intravesical Botox injections for children with refractory MNE.
Main Methods:
- A retrospective analysis of 22 children with MNE treated with intravesical Botox (200iU detrusor injection).
- Participants had previously failed desmopressin and often enuresis alarms or oxybutynin.
- Outcomes were categorized as complete, partial, or no response based on wet night reduction.
Main Results:
- A complete response (100% reduction) was seen in 36% of patients, with a partial response (50-99% reduction) in 32%.
- The median reduction in wet nights was 2.5 per week.
- Treatment was well-tolerated, with mild, self-resolving side effects and no serious complications.
Conclusions:
- Intravesical Botox offers an effective and safe treatment for pediatric refractory MNE.
- A significant portion of patients demonstrated a sustained positive response to the intervention.
- Botox represents a valuable therapeutic option for this challenging condition.
Related Concept Videos
01:26The Micturition Reflex
Urination, or micturition involves the coordination of the bladder's detrusor muscle and two sphincters to ensure controlled bladder emptying.
The process begins with bladder filling, where the bladder wall stretches as urine accumulates. This stretching activates the urine storage reflex, mediated by the sacral spinal segments and the pontine storage center. Efferent sympathetic impulses stimulate the detrusor muscle to relax and the internal urethral sphincter to contract, facilitating urine...
The process begins with bladder filling, where the bladder wall stretches as urine accumulates. This stretching activates the urine storage reflex, mediated by the sacral spinal segments and the pontine storage center. Efferent sympathetic impulses stimulate the detrusor muscle to relax and the internal urethral sphincter to contract, facilitating urine...
01:23Urinary Bladder
The urinary bladder is a hollow, muscular sac that temporarily stores urine before it is expelled from the body. It can hold approximately 600 mL of urine prior to micturition. The bladder is retroperitoneal and located behind the pubic symphysis in the pelvic floor.
In males, the bladder is situated in front of the rectum, while in females, it is positioned anterior to the vagina and uterus. The bladder floor contains an inverted triangular area called the trigone, defined by the two ureteric...
In males, the bladder is situated in front of the rectum, while in females, it is positioned anterior to the vagina and uterus. The bladder floor contains an inverted triangular area called the trigone, defined by the two ureteric...
01:30Urinary Tract Calculi III: Medical Management
The diagnosis of renal calculi involves several imaging techniques, including non-contrast CT scans and ultrasound. These methods help visualize kidney stones, assess their size and location, and detect possible obstructions. Additionally, Measuring urine pH is useful for diagnosing specific stone types, such as struvite (alkaline pH) and uric acid stones (acidic pH). Cystine stones are primarily linked to cystinuria, a genetic condition. A urinalysis helps detect blood in the urine (hematuria)...
01:19Urodynamic Studies: Uroflowmetry
Uroflowmetry is a non-invasive urodynamic test designed to measure various aspects of urination, including volume, flow rate, and the time to void. This test is crucial for diagnosing and assessing conditions such as bladder outlet obstruction, bladder dysfunction, incomplete bladder emptying, incontinence, and urinary tract blockages caused by benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and urethral strictures.Pre-Test Instructions:Before a uroflowmetry test, patients are typically advised to drink...
01:30Urinary Tract Infection III: Diagnostic Studies and Interprofessional Care
A healthcare provider can diagnose a urinary tract infection (UTI) through several methods:Medical History and Symptoms: The provider will take a detailed medical history and ask about symptoms such as frequent urination, burning sensation during urination, and lower abdominal pain.Urinalysis: A clean-catch urine sample is collected in a sterile container and tested for the presence of bacteria, white blood cells (leukocytes), nitrites, blood, and protein. The presence of leukocytes and...
01:17Urinary Tract Infection IV: Nursing Management
In managing urinary tract infections (UTIs) in nursing, a comprehensive assessment is essential. Begin by gathering subjective data, such as the patient’s complaints of dysuria (painful urination), urinary frequency, urgency, suprapubic pain, and any lower abdominal discomfort. This information can be complemented by questions regarding previous UTIs, sexual activity, and personal hygiene practices, which can provide insight into risk factors. Objective assessment should focus on signs like...