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Related Concept Videos

Analgesia and Pain Management01:25

Analgesia and Pain Management

Pain is critical to various clinical pathologies, provoking an urgent need for effective management. Pain, whether acute or chronic, is a complex neurochemical process. Its alleviation depends on the type, with nonopioid analgesics effective for mild to moderate pain, such as musculoskeletal or inflammatory pain, while neuropathic pain responds best to anticonvulsants, tricyclic antidepressants, or serotonin/norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors. For severe acute or chronic pain, opioids may be...
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Metacognition

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Exploring metacognitive function in patients with opioid use disorder: A pilot study.

John Hanson Högberg1, Björn Philips2, Jonas Stålheim3

  • 1Department of Psychology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.

Psychology and Psychotherapy
|June 2, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study explored metacognition in patients with opioid use disorder (OUD) on opioid maintenance treatment (OMT). Metacognition showed low mastery and no improvement over one year, suggesting areas for future OUD interventions.

Keywords:
longitudinalmetacognitionopioid maintenance treatmentopioid use disorder

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychiatry
  • Cognitive Psychology

Background:

  • Opioid use disorder (OUD) is linked to cognitive deficits and high treatment attrition.
  • Metacognition has not been previously studied in patients undergoing opioid maintenance treatment (OMT).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess metacognition in OUD patients initiating OMT.
  • To explore metacognition's association with executive functioning longitudinally.
  • To provide initial insights into metacognitive deficits in OUD.

Main Methods:

  • Exploratory pilot study with a quantitative longitudinal design.
  • 48 adults initiating OMT were assessed at baseline and one-year follow-up.
  • Metacognition assessed using the metacognition assessment scale (MAS-A) via Indiana Psychiatric Illness Interview (IPII) transcripts; executive function and other factors also measured.

Main Results:

  • Participants exhibited metacognitive performance across four subscales, notably with low mastery.
  • Self-reflectivity and mastery correlated positively with verbal fluency.
  • Higher decentration was linked to fewer self-reported executive function difficulties.
  • No significant changes in metacognition were observed at the one-year follow-up.

Conclusions:

  • This study presents the first evidence of metacognitive functioning in OMT patients.
  • Metacognitive performance was characterized by low mastery, limited executive function correlation, and lack of improvement over one year.
  • Findings highlight the potential relevance of metacognition for future research and clinical interventions in OUD populations.