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Photoluminescence: Applications01:14

Photoluminescence: Applications

Photoluminescence offers a wide range of applications due to its inherent sensitivity and selectivity. This technique allows for both direct and indirect analyses of the analyte. Direct quantitative analysis is possible when the analyte exhibits a favorable quantum yield for fluorescence or phosphorescence. However, an indirect analysis may be feasible if the analyte is not fluorescent or phosphorescent, or if the quantum yield is unfavorable. Indirect methods include reacting the analyte with...

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Optical Trapping of Nanoparticles
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Ultrasensitive Protein Detection Using Luminescent Eu-Ion-Doped Vanadate Nanoparticles.

Robin Kuhner1, Christophe Cardone1, Rafael Vieira Perrella2

  • 1Laboratoire d'Optique et Biosciences, CNRS, Inserm, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Palaiseau 91120, France.

ACS Sensors
|June 2, 2026
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Summary

A new nanoparticle-linked immunosorbent assay (NLISA) offers ultrasensitive detection of biomarkers at femtomolar levels. This simple, cost-effective method enhances disease diagnosis and monitoring capabilities.

Keywords:
IFN-γin vitro diagnosticslanthanideluminescencenanoparticlesp24ultrasensitive detectionvanadate

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Area of Science:

  • Biotechnology
  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Medical Diagnostics

Background:

  • Ultrasensitive detection (sub-femtomolar) of biomarkers is crucial for disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment monitoring.
  • Standard Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assays (ELISA) offer picomolar sensitivity, while existing ultrasensitive methods are complex and costly.
  • There is a need for simple, cost-effective, and ultrasensitive diagnostic tools.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel nanoparticle-linked immunosorbent assay (NLISA) for ultrasensitive protein detection.
  • To combine femtomolar/sub-femtomolar sensitivity with simplicity and ease of use.
  • To evaluate the efficiency of NLISA for diagnosing HIV-positive patients.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized 38-nm YVO4:Eu (20%) crystalline nanoparticles as detection probes, leveraging their strong UV absorption and bright Eu3+ emission.
  • Developed a transportable, multi-well plate reader with LED excitation and photomultiplier detection.
  • Quantified insulin, Interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), and HIV-GAG-p24 using NLISA with standard antibodies.

Main Results:

  • Achieved ultrasensitive detection down to 16,000 nanoparticle probes/well.
  • Demonstrated sensitivity gain factors of 65 to 35,000 compared to ELISA for tested analytes.
  • Established a limit of detection (LOD) in the femtomolar range with a 4-5 order of magnitude dynamic range, showing NLISA's efficacy in HIV diagnosis.

Conclusions:

  • The nanoparticle-linked immunosorbent assay (NLISA) provides a straightforward and ultrasensitive method for polypeptide/protein detection.
  • NLISA offers a significant improvement in sensitivity over traditional ELISA while maintaining simplicity.
  • This approach is generalizable and holds promise for a new generation of diagnostic tests.