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Updated: Jun 4, 2026

Midface Hypoplasia and Cranial Base Morphology in Syndromic Craniosynostosis: A Comparative Analysis Study Using a Predictive Regression Model
08:03

Midface Hypoplasia and Cranial Base Morphology in Syndromic Craniosynostosis: A Comparative Analysis Study Using a Predictive Regression Model

Published on: November 4, 2025

Midface Advancement Surgery and Its Effects on Upper Airway Function and Obstructive Sleep Apnea Status in Children

Fitriana Fitriana1,2, Firdaus Hariri2, Jie Han Timothy Sng3

  • 1Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia.

The Journal of Craniofacial Surgery
|June 2, 2026
PubMed

Insights

Midface advancement surgery significantly improves airway volume and reduces obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) severity in children with syndromic craniosynostosis (SC). This surgical intervention addresses craniofacial deformities and related respiratory issues.

Area of Science:

  • Craniofacial Surgery
  • Pediatric Otolaryngology
  • Sleep Medicine

Background:

  • Syndromic craniosynostosis (SC) involves premature cranial suture fusion, causing skull deformities and potential respiratory complications.
  • SC is linked to over 150 syndromes, commonly Apert, Crouzon, and Pfeiffer syndromes.
  • Affected children frequently suffer from obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and airway obstruction.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review upper airway and OSA status in pediatric SC patients.
  • To evaluate the impact of midface advancement surgery on these parameters.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review using electronic databases (PubMed, Medline, Cochrane, Embase) up to August 2025.
  • Included studies focused on pediatric SC patients undergoing midface advancement.
  • Preoperative and postoperative airway and OSA status were evaluated.

Main Results:

  • Six studies were included from an initial search of 15.
  • Midface advancement demonstrated improved airway space in SC children.
  • A reduction in the severity of obstructive sleep apnea was observed post-surgery.

Conclusions:

  • Midface advancement surgery is effective in enhancing airway volume in children with SC.
  • The procedure significantly improves obstructive sleep apnea status in this patient population.
Abstract

Keywords:
ChildrenOSAmidface advancementsyndromic craniosynostosisupper airway obstruction

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