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Fast-Acting Caffeine: Does Caffeinated Chewing Gum Enhance Muscular Strength, Endurance, and Jumping Performance? A
1Department of General and Applied Kinesiology, University of Zagreb, Faculty of Kinesiology, Zagreb, Croatia; and.
Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research
|June 2, 2026
Summary
Caffeinated chewing gum offers a small but significant performance boost for athletes, enhancing muscular strength and jump height. However, it does not appear to improve muscular endurance.
Area of Science:
- Sports Science
- Exercise Physiology
- Nutritional Science
Background:
- Caffeine is a widely recognized ergogenic aid for athletes.
- Chewing gum offers a convenient and rapid method for caffeine delivery.
- The specific ergogenic effects of caffeinated chewing gum require systematic evaluation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review and meta-analyze the effects of caffeinated chewing gum on muscular strength, endurance, and jumping performance.
- To explore potential differences in ergogenic effects based on test type (dynamic vs. isometric strength; countermovement jump vs. squat jump).
Main Methods:
- A systematic literature search was conducted across four databases.
- Multilevel meta-analyses of standardized mean differences (SMD) were performed.
- Subgroup analyses were conducted for different types of strength and jump tests.
Main Results:
- Caffeinated chewing gum demonstrated a significant ergogenic effect on muscular strength (SMD = 0.21).
- Ergogenic effects were observed for both dynamic (SMD = 0.26) and isometric (SMD = 0.18) strength tests.
- A significant ergogenic effect was found for jump height (SMD = 0.16), particularly for the countermovement jump (CMJ) (SMD = 0.16).
- No significant ergogenic effect was observed for muscular endurance (SMD = 0.19).
Conclusions:
- Caffeinated chewing gum provides a small but positive ergogenic effect on dynamic and isometric muscular strength and jump height when consumed shortly before exercise.
- The ergogenic benefits are specific to certain performance measures, with no significant impact on muscular endurance.
- Caffeinated chewing gum represents a practical ergogenic aid for athletes seeking to enhance strength and jumping capabilities.
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