Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Methods of Medium Optimization01:28

Methods of Medium Optimization

Optimizing growth media enhances microbial proliferation and maximizes product yield. Statistical experimental design methodologies provide structured and reproducible approaches, offering progressively higher levels of robustness and efficiency.The One-Factor-at-a-Time (OFAT) MethodThe One-Factor-at-a-Time (OFAT) method involves adjusting a single variable while keeping all others constant. However, it cannot detect interactions between variables, often leading to suboptimal outcomes when...
Optimization Problems01:26

Optimization Problems

Optimization problems often involve identifying maximum or minimum values under specific constraints. A well-known example is determining the longest horizontal pipe that can be moved around a right-angled corner, where a 3-meter-wide hallway meets a 2-meter-wide hallway. This scenario, common in architectural design and industrial transport, can be understood conceptually through geometric and trigonometric reasoning.To visualize the problem, consider the pipe as a straight line that touches...
Statically Indeterminate Problem Solving01:16

Statically Indeterminate Problem Solving

Statically indeterminate problems are those where statics alone can not determine the internal forces or reactions. Consider a structure comprising two cylindrical rods made of steel and brass. These rods are joined at point B and restrained by rigid supports at points A and C. Now, the reactions at points A and C and the deflection at point B are to be determined. This rod structure is classified as statically indeterminate as the structure has more supports than are necessary for maintaining...
Mechanistic Models: Compartment Models in Algorithms for Numerical Problem Solving01:29

Mechanistic Models: Compartment Models in Algorithms for Numerical Problem Solving

Mechanistic models play a crucial role in algorithms for numerical problem-solving, particularly in nonlinear mixed effects modeling (NMEM). These models aim to minimize specific objective functions by evaluating various parameter estimates, leading to the development of systematic algorithms. In some cases, linearization techniques approximate the model using linear equations.
In individual population analyses, different algorithms are employed, such as Cauchy's method, which uses a...
Woodward–Hoffmann Selection Rules and Microscopic Reversibility01:34

Woodward–Hoffmann Selection Rules and Microscopic Reversibility

Electrocyclic reactions, cycloadditions, and sigmatropic rearrangements are concerted pericyclic reactions that proceed via a cyclic transition state. These reactions are stereospecific and regioselective. The stereochemistry of the products depends on the symmetry characteristics of the interacting orbitals and the reaction conditions. Accordingly, pericyclic reactions are classified as either symmetry-allowed or symmetry-forbidden. Woodward and Hoffmann presented the selection criteria for...
Routh-Hurwitz Criterion II01:19

Routh-Hurwitz Criterion II

In the application of the Routh-Hurwitz criterion, two specific scenarios can arise that complicate stability analysis.
The first scenario occurs when a singular zero appears in the first column of the Routh table. This situation creates a division by zero issues. To resolve this, a small positive or negative number, denoted as epsilon (∈), is substituted for the zero. The stability analysis proceeds by assuming a sign for ∈. If ∈ is positive, any sign change in the first column of the Routh...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Does insulin bolster antioxidant defenses via the extracellular signal-regulated kinases-protein kinase B-nuclear factor erythroid 2 p45-related factor 2 pathway?

Antioxidants & redox signaling·2011
Same author

Decrease in calcium-sensing receptor in the progress of diabetic cardiomyopathy.

Diabetes research and clinical practice·2011
Same author

JAMIE: A software tool for jointly analyzing multiple ChIP-chip experiments.

Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.)·2011
Same author

Morphine-induced conditioned place preference in mice: metabolomic profiling of brain tissue to find "molecular switch" of drug abuse by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry.

Analytica chimica acta·2011
Same author

[The interventions effect-assessment of the workers exposed to N, N-dimethylformamide by percutaneous in a synthetic leather factory].

Zhonghua lao dong wei sheng zhi ye bing za zhi = Zhonghua laodong weisheng zhiyebing zazhi = Chinese journal of industrial hygiene and occupational diseases·2011
Same author

[The analysis of effect of Th1/Th2 cytokine in the different prognosis in severe influenza A (H1N1)].

Zhonghua shi yan he lin chuang bing du xue za zhi = Zhonghua shiyan he linchuang bingduxue zazhi = Chinese journal of experimental and clinical virology·2011
Same journal

Observer-based ADP for secure resource allocation in high-order nonlinear multi-agent systems under FDI attacks.

Neural networks : the official journal of the International Neural Network Society·2026
Same journal

Concept mask-aware pruning and augmentation for few sample model compression.

Neural networks : the official journal of the International Neural Network Society·2026
Same journal

Hindsight-based state space exploration via counterfactual intrinsic reward assignment.

Neural networks : the official journal of the International Neural Network Society·2026
Same journal

Integrating visual and language cues via state space models for medical image segmentation.

Neural networks : the official journal of the International Neural Network Society·2026
Same journal

DNA: Improving text-based person search through distillation learning, negated relation-aware learning, and augmented representation learning.

Neural networks : the official journal of the International Neural Network Society·2026
Same journal

MCFusion-DDI: Multimodal cross-attention fusion of local-global features and latent drug associations for explainable DDI prediction.

Neural networks : the official journal of the International Neural Network Society·2026
See all related articles
  1. Home
  3. Fine-grained Hierarchical Multi-round Iterative Semantic Optimization Attack Method For Rag Systems.
  1. Home
  3. Fine-grained Hierarchical Multi-round Iterative Semantic Optimization Attack Method For Rag Systems.

Related Experiment Video

Augmenting Large Language Models via Vector Embeddings to Improve Domain-Specific Responsiveness
03:14

Augmenting Large Language Models via Vector Embeddings to Improve Domain-Specific Responsiveness

Published on: December 6, 2024

Fine-grained hierarchical multi-round iterative semantic optimization attack method for RAG systems.

Qidong Chen1, Vasile Palade2, Zihao Yu3

  • 1Wuxi University, No.333 Xishan Avenue, Wuxi, 214015, Jiangsu, China.

Neural Networks : the Official Journal of the International Neural Network Society
|June 2, 2026

View abstract on PubMed

Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a new attack method for retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) systems. The fine-grained, hierarchical, multi-round iterative semantic optimization (FHM-ISO) attack improves malicious text generation, increasing attack success rates.

Keywords:
Fine-grainedHybrid scaled similarityKnowledge corruption attacksRAG systems

Related Experiment Videos

Augmenting Large Language Models via Vector Embeddings to Improve Domain-Specific Responsiveness
03:14

Augmenting Large Language Models via Vector Embeddings to Improve Domain-Specific Responsiveness

Published on: December 6, 2024

Area of Science:

  • Artificial Intelligence
  • Computer Security
  • Natural Language Processing

Background:

  • Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) systems combine information retrieval with large language models (LLMs).
  • Knowledge corruption attacks inject malicious text into RAG systems to manipulate LLM outputs.
  • Existing attacks suffer from limited concealment due to single-generation strategies and semantic deviation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose a novel, fine-grained, hierarchical, multi-round iterative semantic optimization (FHM-ISO) attack method for RAG systems.
  • To enhance the effectiveness and concealment of knowledge corruption attacks.
  • To overcome limitations of conventional semantic similarity metrics in attack optimization.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a multi-round iterative semantic optimization approach (FHM-ISO).
  • Utilized dynamic prompt selection based on semantic relationships between questions and generated content.
  • Introduced a hybrid similarity scaling mechanism integrating non-linear activation and linear scaling for semantic distance evaluation.

    • Main Results:

    • The FHM-ISO method significantly improves attack effectiveness against RAG systems.
    • Achieved an average attack success rate of 68% with single-piece malicious text injection per question.
    • Demonstrated superior performance across multiple public datasets compared to traditional methods.

    Conclusions:

    • The proposed FHM-ISO attack is highly effective in corrupting knowledge within RAG systems.
    • The hybrid similarity scaling mechanism enhances semantic optimization for attack generation.
    • This research highlights vulnerabilities in RAG systems and proposes a sophisticated attack vector.