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Structurally diverse sesquiterpenoids from Curcuma longa and their anti-inflammatory activities
Guang-Han Li1, Chun-Mei Qiu1, Guang-Xu Wu1
1Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Medicine (Ministry of Education) & Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovation and Effective Uses of Chinese Medicine Germplasm Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.
Curcuma longa sesquiterpenoids show anti-inflammatory potential. Compound 14 effectively reduced inflammation by targeting the toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) pathway.
Area of Science:
- Natural Product Chemistry
- Pharmacology
- Immunology
Background:
- Inflammation is a critical factor in numerous diseases, including metabolic, cardiovascular, and neurodegenerative conditions.
- Curcuma longa (turmeric) exhibits known anti-inflammatory properties, prompting further investigation into its active compounds.
Purpose of the Study:
- To isolate and characterize sesquiterpenoids from Curcuma longa extract.
- To evaluate the anti-inflammatory activities of these compounds.
- To elucidate the molecular mechanism underlying the anti-inflammatory effects.
Main Methods:
- Phytochemical investigation of Curcuma longa ethanol extract.
- Structure elucidation using spectroscopic analyses, ECD, and NMR calculations.
- In vitro anti-inflammatory assays using LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cells.
- Mechanism studies including RNA sequencing, Western blot, CETSA, and DARTS assays.
Main Results:
- Nineteen sesquiterpenoids, including eight novel compounds, were isolated.
- Compound 14 demonstrated significant anti-inflammatory activity at 50 μM.
- Compound 14 was found to directly target Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4).
- The anti-inflammatory effect is mediated through the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathway.
Conclusions:
- Sesquiterpenoids from Curcuma longa represent a promising class of natural anti-inflammatory agents.
- Compound 14's targeted inhibition of TLR4 offers a potential therapeutic strategy for inflammatory diseases.
