Remote sEnsing obServations of source Parameters and data IntegRation at EtnA: the RESPIRA database

Eruption Source Parameters (ESPs) are fundamental for quantifying paroxysm episodes and are essential inputs for volcanic ash dispersal models used to forecast tephra fallout and assess associated hazard. This is particularly crucial for densely populated regions like Mount Etna, Italy. Since 1986, approximately 150 Etna paroxysm episodes have been monitored using different sensors to estimate these ESPs. While a variety of data is reported in the scientific literature, an integrated dataset has been lacking. In this work, we present an online dataset named RESPIRA: Remote sEnsing obServations of source Parameters and data IntegRation at EtnA. The RESPIRA dataset includes column heights, mass eruption rate and the mode or mean value of total grain-size distribution derived from past publications, from new analyses using different sensors and/or derived from well-known formulation. This comprehensive dataset represents a valuable resource for studying and constraining the paroxysm episodes of Etna, as well as to improve operational services aimed at reducing the hazard.