An event-based resilient consensus algorithm for secure and low-carbon operation of cyber-physical smart grids

Area of Science:

• Cyber-physical systems
• Smart grid security
• Distributed control

Background:

• Cyber-physical smart grids face threats from coordinated cyberattacks (FDI, DoS).
• Integrating environmental goals like carbon emission trading (CET) into grid operations is crucial.
• Existing control architectures may lack resilience against simultaneous attacks and environmental optimization.

Purpose of the Study:

• To propose a distributed event-based control architecture for enhanced security and environmental performance in smart grids.
• To develop a resilient consensus algorithm capable of handling cyberattacks and communication disruptions.
• To integrate carbon emission trading into energy dispatch for economically efficient and low-carbon operation.

Main Methods:

• Developed a novel event-based resilient consensus algorithm (ERCA).
• Incorporated attack detection, recovery schemes, and a trust-node-based correction strategy.
• Integrated carbon pricing into local cost functions for decentralized optimization.

Main Results:

• The proposed framework demonstrates resilience against simultaneous False Data Injection (FDI) and Denial-of-Service (DoS) attacks.
• Maintained power balance, stabilized electricity prices, and ensured consistent emissions reporting.
• Achieved reduced overall carbon output through economically efficient, low-carbon operation.

Conclusions:

• The distributed event-based control architecture effectively enhances smart grid security and environmental performance.
• The ERCA provides a robust solution for state estimation and coordination under adversarial conditions.
• The framework facilitates decentralized, economically efficient, and low-carbon energy management.