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Related Concept Videos

Pulmonary Embolism II: Diagnostic Studies and Interprofessional Care01:29

Pulmonary Embolism II: Diagnostic Studies and Interprofessional Care

Diagnosing Pulmonary EmbolismDiagnosing pulmonary embolism (PE) involves clinical assessment and advanced imaging tests. The preferred diagnostic tool is the spiral (helical) CT scan or CT angiography (CTA), which uses intravenous contrast media to visualize the pulmonary vasculature and identify emboli.A ventilation-perfusion (V/Q) scan is an alternative for patients unable to receive contrast media. This scan includes both perfusion and ventilation scanning. Perfusion scanning involves...
Pulmonary Embolism I: Introduction01:19

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A blood clot, or thrombus, is a semi-solid mass composed of fibrin, platelets, and red blood cells. When it forms within a vessel, it can obstruct blood flow, known as thrombosis. If part of the clot detaches, it becomes an embolus that can travel and block distant vessels. When this occurs in the pulmonary arteries, it causes a condition known as pulmonary embolism (PE).Origin and ImpactMost often, the embolus originates from a thrombus in the deep veins of the lower limbs, a condition called...
Pulmonary Embolism I: Introduction01:29

Pulmonary Embolism I: Introduction

Pulmonary embolism (PE) occurs when a thrombus, fat or air embolus, amniotic fluid, or tumor tissue blocks one or more pulmonary arteries. These blockages originate in the venous system or the right side of the heart.EtiologyPE primarily arises from deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and other hypercoagulable states, such as inherited thrombophilias. Additional etiological factors include venous stasis, commonly seen in obesity, and endothelial injury from surgery and trauma. Less common causes include...
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A pulmonary embolism occurs when a thrombus, amniotic fluid, tumor tissue, fat, or air embolus blocks one or more pulmonary arteries. Effective nursing management and patient education are crucial for improving outcomes and preventing recurrence.Nursing management starts with obtaining a comprehensive patient history, particularly noting any history of deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Assess for clinical manifestations, including dyspnea, chest pain, crackles, heart murmurs, and signs of right-sided...
Radiological Investigation III: Pulmonary Angiogram and PET Scan01:13

Radiological Investigation III: Pulmonary Angiogram and PET Scan

Radiological investigations are paramount in the diagnosis and management of various pulmonary diseases. Two essential investigations are the Pulmonary Angiogram and the Positron Emission Tomography (PET) Scan.
Pulmonary Angiogram
A Pulmonary Angiogram is an invasive procedure involving injecting a contrast medium through a catheter threaded into the pulmonary artery or the right side of the heart to visualize the pulmonary vasculature. Computed Tomography (CT) scans have mainly replaced this...

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Updated: Jun 4, 2026

Establishment of a Minimally Invasive Rat Model of Pulmonary Embolism Using Autologous Blood Clots
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Establishment of a Minimally Invasive Rat Model of Pulmonary Embolism Using Autologous Blood Clots

Published on: October 25, 2024

A Promptable 3D-CT Foundation Model-Based Approach for Pulmonary Embolism.

K Le Floch1,2, E Ferreres3, J Khlaut4,3

  • 1Department of Vascular and Oncological interventional Radiology, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, HeKA PRAIRIE-PSAI, INRIA Paris, Paris, France. korentin.lefloch@aphp.fr.

Cardiovascular and Interventional Radiology
|June 2, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

ClotIA, an AI tool, rapidly quantifies pulmonary embolism (PE) clot volume using computed tomography angiography (CTA). This automated segmentation correlates with PE severity markers, improving clinical assessment.

Keywords:
Artificial intelligenceBlood clot volumeFoundation modelsInteractive segmentationPulmonary embolismRisk stratificationThrombotic burden

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Area of Science:

  • Radiology and Medical Imaging
  • Artificial Intelligence in Medicine
  • Cardiovascular Disease Research

Background:

  • Blood clot volume (BCV) is a key biomarker for pulmonary embolism (PE) severity.
  • Manual segmentation of thrombi on computed tomography angiography (CTA) is time-consuming, limiting clinical utility.
  • Objective biomarkers are crucial for accurate PE assessment and treatment guidance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate ClotIA (Clot Interventional AI), a foundation model (FM)-based approach for rapid and interactive clot segmentation in PE.
  • To assess the feasibility of AI-driven BCV quantification for clinical application.
  • To overcome the limitations of manual segmentation in PE assessment.

Main Methods:

  • A foundation model (RAPSv2) was fine-tuned on 309 PE patients from the RSPECT dataset.
  • Segmentation performance was measured using the Dice similarity coefficient (DSC) and compared to nnUNet.
  • The AI-predicted BCV was correlated with established imaging biomarkers of PE severity.

Main Results:

  • ClotIA achieved a mean DSC of 0.83 after guided refinement, outperforming baseline and nnUNet.
  • Predicted BCV demonstrated strong agreement with reference volumes (r=0.995).
  • AI-quantified BCV significantly correlated with right ventricle/left ventricle (RV/LV) diameter (r=0.62) and volume ratios (r=0.68).

Conclusions:

  • ClotIA facilitates rapid and reproducible 3D quantification of PE thrombi.
  • The AI tool's findings correlate with established PE severity markers.
  • ClotIA provides a foundation for translating novel biomarkers into clinical practice for PE management.