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Related Concept Videos

Hand hygiene01:23

Hand hygiene

Asepsis is the practice of preventing or breaking the chain of infection. The nurse employs aseptic techniques to prevent the spread of microorganisms and reduce the risk of diseases. Hand hygiene is the cornerstone of aseptic techniques and is classified into medical and surgical asepsis. Medical asepsis includes hand hygiene and the use of gloves. Surgical asepsis, or the sterile technique, refers to practices that render and keep objects and areas free of microorganisms.
Hand washing...
Healthcare Associated Infections II: Preventive Measures01:22

Healthcare Associated Infections II: Preventive Measures

Essential infection prevention measures are based on the knowledge of the infection chain, the modes of transmission in healthcare settings, and the use of the best practices in all healthcare settings. Compulsory public reporting of healthcare-associated infection rates is needed to allow individuals and the community to make informed choices regarding selecting a healthcare facility.
The best practices for preventing healthcare-associated infections include hand hygiene, patient risk...
Asepsis01:28

Asepsis

The condition of being free from disease-causing living pathogens is asepsis. Aseptic techniques include a set of standard practices to achieve asepsis. An example is the regular environmental cleaning of all parts of the healthcare facility and hand hygiene at home before preparing or eating food. Medical and surgical asepsis in healthcare practice protects patients from harmful pathogens, minimizes the risk of contamination of susceptible sites, and reduces the risk of infection transmission.
Handwashing II: Pre-procedure and Initial Procedure Steps01:19

Handwashing II: Pre-procedure and Initial Procedure Steps

The pre-procedure steps of handwashing include removing jewelry and rolling up sleeves. However, many organizations allow staff to wear wedding rings.
The hand washing procedure itself includes the following steps. First, cover cuts, if any, on hands with a waterproof dressing. Cuts and abrasions can become contaminated with bacteria hindering the ability to clean the area thoroughly. In addition, repeated hand washing can worsen an injury.  The nails must be short and clean, without nail paint...
Handwashing III: During the Procedure and Post-Procedure Steps01:15

Handwashing III: During the Procedure and Post-Procedure Steps

To wash hands properly, follow these steps:
Peripheral Artery Disease V: Postoperative Nursing Management01:23

Peripheral Artery Disease V: Postoperative Nursing Management

During the postoperative period, it is crucial to focus on maintaining circulation, identifying and managing potential complications, and planning for discharge.Nursing AssessmentVital signs monitoring: Regularly monitor vital signs, including blood pressure, heart rate, respiratory rate, and temperature, to detect early signs of complications such as bleeding and infection.Circulation assessment: Monitor pulses, perform Doppler assessments, and check capillary refill, color, temperature, and...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 5, 2026

Povidone Iodine Rectal Preparation at Time of Prostate Needle Biopsy is a Simple and Reproducible Means to Reduce Risk of Procedural Infection
05:32

Povidone Iodine Rectal Preparation at Time of Prostate Needle Biopsy is a Simple and Reproducible Means to Reduce Risk of Procedural Infection

Published on: September 21, 2015

Enhancing Preoperative Bathing Adherence: A Cost-Effective Strategy to Reduce Surgical Site Infections.

Joshua D Smith1, Kenneth J Romito, Mihye Sol

  • 1Department of Operative and Anesthesia Services (Smith, Perioperative Clinical Nurse Specialist & Chief of Sterile Processing), Womack Army Medical Center, Fort Bragg, NC, Graduate School of Nursing (Romito, Associate Professor, Mitchell, Assistant Professor, Sheets, Assistant Professor), Uniform Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, Center for Nursing Science and Clinical Inquiry (Sol, Perioperative Clinical Nurse Specialist), Tripler Army Medical Center, Honolulu, HI, Center for Nursing Science and Clinical Inquiry (Atwood, Perioperative Clinical Nurse Specialist), Landstuhl Regional Medical Center, Landstuhl, Germany, Center for Nursing Science and Clinical Inquiry (Eberhardt, Perioperative Clinical Nurse Specialist), Madigan Army Medical Center, Joint Base Lewis McChord, WA.

Clinical Nurse Specialist CNS
|June 3, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Implementing evidence-based preoperative bathing (PBB) protocols significantly reduced surgical site infection (SSI) rates and costs. This study shows PBB bundles are effective in improving patient safety and healthcare economics.

Keywords:
preoperative bathingprocess improvementsurgical site infection

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 5, 2026

Povidone Iodine Rectal Preparation at Time of Prostate Needle Biopsy is a Simple and Reproducible Means to Reduce Risk of Procedural Infection
05:32

Povidone Iodine Rectal Preparation at Time of Prostate Needle Biopsy is a Simple and Reproducible Means to Reduce Risk of Procedural Infection

Published on: September 21, 2015

Area of Science:

  • Healthcare Improvement
  • Infection Control
  • Patient Safety

Background:

  • Preoperative bathing is crucial for reducing surgical site infection (SSI) risk.
  • Current practices may not be evidence-based, leading to suboptimal outcomes.
  • Standardizing preoperative bathing is essential for patient safety.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate preoperative bathing workflows using evidence-based methods.
  • To determine if evidence-based preoperative bathing protocols can lower costs and SSI rates.
  • To assess the impact of a standardized preoperative bathing bundle on infection rates and healthcare expenditure.

Main Methods:

  • An interdisciplinary team utilized Lean Six Sigma methodologies for process improvement.
  • An audit tool based on Association for the Advancement of Medical Instrumentation guidelines was developed.
  • Risk assessment for SSI was conducted using the developed audit tool.

Main Results:

  • A preoperative bathing skin aseptic care bundle was implemented.
  • Surgical site infection (SSI) rates decreased from 2.16% to 1.26%.
  • Patient adherence increased from 16% to 91%, with 73% cost savings per patient.

Conclusions:

  • Evidence-based preoperative bathing (PBB) effectively reduces bacteria near surgical sites.
  • Implementing an evidence-based PBB bundle significantly decreases the risk of postoperative SSIs.
  • Standardized PBB protocols enhance patient safety and reduce healthcare costs.