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Labdane Diterpenoids with Anti-Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus Activity from Andrographis paniculata.

Jiang-Hu Wang1,2, Qing-Yin Sun1,2, Jia-Wei Yu1,2

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Discovery and Utilization of Functional Components in Traditional Chinese Medicine, Natural Products Research Center of Guizhou Province, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550014, China.

Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
|June 3, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Researchers identified novel compounds from Andrographis paniculata with potential as Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) inhibitors. Compound 9 showed significant protective activity, activating plant defense pathways to suppress TSWV replication.

Keywords:
Andrographis paniculataanti-TSWVlabdane diterpenoids

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Area of Science:

  • Phytochemistry
  • Plant Pathology
  • Natural Product Chemistry

Background:

  • Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) poses a significant threat to agriculture.
  • Natural products are a promising source for developing novel antiviral agents.
  • Andrographis paniculata is a medicinal plant with potential bioactive compounds.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To conduct a phytochemical analysis of Andrographis paniculata.
  • To identify and characterize compounds with inhibitory activity against TSWV.
  • To elucidate the mechanism of action for active compounds.

Main Methods:

  • Comprehensive phytochemical analysis using NMR, HRESIMS, IR, UV, quantum chemical calculations, and X-ray crystallography.
  • In vitro anti-TSWV bioassays to determine protective activity (EC50).
  • RNA-sequencing analysis to investigate the mechanism of action.

Main Results:

  • 29 labdane diterpenoids were isolated, including 8 new compounds.
  • Compound 9 demonstrated superior protective activity against TSWV compared to the positive control.
  • Mechanistic studies revealed compound 9 activates photosynthetic and salicylic acid pathways, enhancing systemic acquired resistance.

Conclusions:

  • Andrographis paniculata is a rich source of structurally diverse labdane diterpenoids.
  • Compound 9 is a potent inhibitor of TSWV, acting through plant defense pathway activation.
  • These findings provide valuable leads for developing new TSWV pesticides from natural sources.