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High-Capacity LiCoO2 Cathodes Beyond 220 mAh G-1: Review and Prospect.

Yutong Lin1, Funing Yu2, Liang Lin2

  • 1College of Chemical Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.

Small (Weinheim an Der Bergstrasse, Germany)
|June 4, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

High-energy lithium cobalt oxide (LCO) cathodes are crucial for electronics. This review details strategies to overcome capacity decay and enhance LCO performance for next-generation batteries.

Keywords:
bulk optimizationfailure mechanismhigh‐capacity LiCoO2near‐surface reinforcementsurface coating

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry
  • Battery Technology

Background:

  • Demand for high-energy-density batteries drives LiCoO2 (LCO) cathode advancement.
  • Conventional LCO charging voltages (≤4.5 V) yield limited reversible capacity (140-180 mAh g⁻¹), far below its theoretical 274 mAh g⁻¹.
  • Higher charging voltages (>4.6 V) promise increased capacity but cause issues like phase transitions and capacity decay.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically summarize failure mechanisms in high-voltage LCO cathodes.
  • To review modification strategies (bulk, surface, coating) that enhance LCO performance.
  • To refine design principles for high-capacity LCO cathodes and guide future research.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review and systematic analysis of existing research on LCO cathode modifications.
  • Investigation of intrinsic connections between LCO failure mechanisms and proposed solutions.
  • Synthesis of findings to establish design principles for improved LCO performance.

Main Results:

  • Identified deep phase transitions, lattice oxygen oxidation, and side reactions as key failure modes.
  • Highlighted tuning bulk phase, near-surface structure, and surface coating as effective modification strategies.
  • Demonstrated that these strategies enable high-capacity LCO to transition from lab research to practical application.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding failure mechanisms is critical for developing stable, high-capacity LCO cathodes.
  • Strategic modifications significantly improve LCO performance, enabling higher energy densities.
  • This work provides insights for next-generation LCO cathodes in consumer electronics, drones, and solid-state batteries.