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Published on: August 23, 2012

BiVO₄-Based Photoanodes for Solar Fuel Production: From Bulk Doping to Multiphase Integrated Architectures.

Cheng-Xiang Zhou¹, Rui-Tang Guo², Wei-Guo Pan²

¹College of Energy Source and Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai University of Electric Power, Shanghai, P. R. China.

|June 4, 2026

Summary

Bismuth vanadate (BiVO₄) shows promise for solar fuel production but faces efficiency limits. This review details strategies to overcome these challenges for enhanced photoelectrochemical applications.

Keywords:

BiVO4 CO2 reduction photoelectrocatalysis solar fuel production water splitting

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Area of Science:

Materials Science
Electrochemistry
Photocatalysis

Background:

Bismuth vanadate (BiVO₄) is a key photoanode material for solar fuel production due to its visible-light absorption.
Current limitations include poor charge mobility, recombination, and slow interfacial kinetics, hindering efficiency.

Purpose of the Study:

To provide a comprehensive review linking defect chemistry, charge dynamics, and interfacial kinetics for BiVO₄ photoanodes.
To explore vacancy engineering, advanced characterization, and integration into solar fuel systems (CO₂ reduction, chemical synthesis).

Main Methods:

Review of defect chemistry principles applied to BiVO₄.
Analysis of advanced transient and in situ characterization techniques.
Synthesis of findings on BiVO₄ integration in photoelectrochemical (PEC) devices.

Main Results:

Vacancy engineering and defect control are crucial for improving charge transport and reducing recombination.
Advanced characterization reveals insights into charge-carrier dynamics and interfacial processes.
BiVO₄-based photoanodes show potential in PEC CO₂ reduction and chemical synthesis.

Conclusions:

Addressing stability, scalability, and device integration are key for practical BiVO₄ photoelectrochemical applications.
A holistic approach combining material modification and device engineering is necessary for efficient and durable solar fuel production.