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Updated: Jun 5, 2026

Image Acquisition Method for the Sonographic Assessment of the Inferior Vena Cava
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Image Acquisition Method for the Sonographic Assessment of the Inferior Vena Cava

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Bilateral Absence of the Superior Vena Cava: Clinical Implications, Diagnostic Challenges, and Management

Babak Alavi Farzaneh1, Nastaran Masoomi2, Farzaneh Mohebi2

  • 1Clinical Research Development Unit, Ayatollah Kashani Hospital, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran.

JACC. Case Reports
|June 4, 2026
PubMed
Abstract

Keywords:
case reporthematuriasuperior vena cavasystemic venous anomaly

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