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Related Concept Videos

RNA Interference01:23

RNA Interference

RNA interference (RNAi) is a process in which a small non-coding RNA molecule blocks the post-transcriptional expression of a gene by binding to its messenger RNA (mRNA) and preventing the protein from being translated.
This process occurs naturally in cells, often through the activity of genomically-encoded microRNAs. Researchers can take advantage of this mechanism by introducing synthetic RNAs to deactivate specific genes for research or therapeutic purposes. For example, RNAi could be used...
RNA Interference01:23

RNA Interference

RNA interference (RNAi) is a process in which a small non-coding RNA molecule blocks the post-transcriptional expression of a gene by binding to its messenger RNA (mRNA) and preventing the protein from being translated.
This process occurs naturally in cells, often through the activity of genomically-encoded microRNAs. Researchers can take advantage of this mechanism by introducing synthetic RNAs to deactivate specific genes for research or therapeutic purposes. For example, RNAi could be used...
siRNA - Small Interfering RNAs02:30

siRNA - Small Interfering RNAs

Small interfering RNAs, or siRNAs, are short regulatory RNA molecules that can silence genes post-transcriptionally, as well as the transcriptional level in some cases. siRNAs are important for protecting cells against viral infections and silencing transposable genetic elements.
In the cytoplasm, siRNA is processed from a double-stranded RNA, which comes from either endogenous DNA transcription or exogenous sources like a virus. This double-stranded RNA is then cleaved by the ATP-dependent...
Experimental RNAi02:15

Experimental RNAi

RNA interference (RNAi) is a cellular mechanism that inhibits gene expression by suppressing its transcription or activating the RNA degradation process. The mechanism was discovered by Andrew Fire and Craig Mello in 1998 in plants. Today, it is observed in almost all eukaryotes, including protozoa, flies, nematodes, insects, parasites, and mammals. This precise cellular mechanism of gene silencing has been developed into a technique that provides an efficient way to identify and determine the...
Viruses with RNA Genomes01:29

Viruses with RNA Genomes

RNA viruses are categorized into positive-strand, negative-strand, or double-stranded groups based on their genomic structure and replication mechanisms. This classification dictates how they exploit host cellular machinery for protein synthesis and replication. Some RNA viruses also utilize reverse transcription as part of their life cycle, further diversifying their replication strategies.Positive-Strand RNA VirusesPositive-strand RNA viruses have genomes that function directly as messenger...
Small interfering RNAs (siRNA)02:30

Small interfering RNAs (siRNA)

Small interfering RNAs, or siRNAs, are short regulatory RNA molecules that can silence genes post-transcriptionally, as well as the transcriptional level in some cases. siRNAs are important for protecting cells against viral infections and silencing transposable genetic elements.
In the cytoplasm, siRNA is processed from a double-stranded RNA, which comes from either endogenous DNA transcription or exogenous sources like a virus. This double-stranded RNA is then cleaved by the ATP-dependent...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 6, 2026

Enhanced Northern Blot Detection of Small RNA Species in Drosophila Melanogaster
09:39

Enhanced Northern Blot Detection of Small RNA Species in Drosophila Melanogaster

Published on: August 21, 2014

Minimal small RNA precursors unlock virus-based precision RNAi.

Adriana E Cisneros1, Alberto Carbonell1

  • 1Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universitat Politècnica de València), Valencia 46022, Spain.

Trends in Plant Science
|June 4, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Minimal artificial small RNAs (art-sRNAs) enable precise gene silencing. RNA viruses can now serve as nontransgenic vectors for producing these art-sRNAs, enhancing antiviral protection and gene regulation.

Keywords:
RNA silencingVIGSartificial microRNAminimal precursorsynthetic trans-acting small interfering RNAtransgene-free

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Published on: August 18, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Plant molecular biology
  • RNA interference (RNAi)
  • Virology

Background:

  • Artificial small RNAs (art-sRNAs) are powerful tools for RNAi in plants.
  • Current art-sRNA production methods face limitations due to long precursor structures and reliance on transgenic systems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the potential of minimal art-sRNA precursors for efficient biogenesis.
  • To investigate the use of RNA viruses as programmable platforms for art-sRNA production.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing minimal-sized precursors for art-sRNA synthesis.
  • Engineering RNA viruses as vectors for art-sRNA delivery.

Main Results:

  • Minimal art-sRNA precursors facilitate accurate and efficient biogenesis without compromising silencing.
  • RNA viruses can be reprogrammed into stable, nontransgenic vectors for producing specific art-sRNAs.

Conclusions:

  • Minimal art-sRNA precursors offer a versatile platform for precision RNAi.
  • RNA viruses transformed into art-sRNA vectors provide a novel, non-transgenic approach for gene silencing and antiviral strategies.