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Complications during interventional rigid bronchoscopy with general anaesthesia and high-frequency jet ventilation: a

Cécile Maeyens1, Dimitri Leduc1, Jean François Fils1

  • 1From the H.U.B - Hôpital Érasme; Université libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium, Department of Anaesthesiology - Intensive Care, Perioperative Medicine and Algology, Brussels (CM, TT, DS); H.U.B - Hôpital Érasme; Université libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium, Department of Pneumology (DL), Ars Statistica, Nivelles, Belgium (JFF).

European Journal of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care
|June 5, 2026
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

High-frequency jet ventilation (HFJV) during rigid bronchoscopy is linked to frequent minor complications like hypoxemia and hypotension. Shorter stature, stent procedures, and low SpO2 are predictors, but the model has limited clinical use.

Area of Science:

  • Anesthesiology and Respiratory Medicine
  • Interventional Pulmonology

Background:

  • High-frequency jet ventilation (HFJV) is standard for rigid bronchoscopy, but complications are not well-documented.
  • Prior studies suggest ASA 4 score and low SpO2 increase complication risk.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantify and characterize complications of HFJV during rigid bronchoscopy.
  • To identify independent factors associated with HFJV complications.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective pilot cohort study of 833 patients undergoing rigid bronchoscopy with HFJV.
  • Complications defined as hypoxemia, hypotension, arrhythmia, spasm, pneumothorax, or ICU admission.
  • Logistic regression used to identify predictors of complications.

Main Results:

  • Hypoxemia (11%) and hypotension (28%) were most common.
  • Shorter stature, stent implantation, and SpO2 < 96% predicted complications.
  • Logistic regression model showed poor predictive value (AUC 0.62).

Conclusions:

  • HFJV for interventional bronchoscopy has a high rate of minor complications.
  • Shorter stature, low SpO2, and stent procedures are predictors.
  • The predictive model has limited clinical applicability.

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