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Related Concept Videos

Endocarditis I: Introduction01:25

Endocarditis I: Introduction

Introduction:Endocarditis is the infection of the endocardium, the inner lining of the heart and its valves. When the heart muscle is involved, the condition is termed myocarditis, while an infection of the outer lining is called pericarditis. Infective endocarditis (IE) primarily affects the endocardium, where pathogens adhere to the valves or lining, forming vegetation that can lead to severe complications. Infective endocarditis occurs when microorganisms, usually bacteria from other body...
Endocarditis II: Clinical Features of Infective Endocarditis01:25

Endocarditis II: Clinical Features of Infective Endocarditis

Endocarditis can present various clinical features depending on the causative organism and the patient's underlying health conditions. Initially, the clinical features of infective endocarditis develop gradually, presenting with nonspecific symptoms that can be easily mistaken for other illnesses.General SymptomsEarly symptoms of infective endocarditis are fever, chills, weakness, malaise, fatigue, and weight loss. These symptoms reflect the systemic nature of the infection and the body's...
Endocarditis IV: Nursing Management01:29

Endocarditis IV: Nursing Management

Infective endocarditis (IE) is a chronic infection of the heart's endocardium, primarily affecting the heart valves. A detailed nursing assessment for a patient with IE involves collecting subjective and objective data to ensure an accurate diagnosis and timely intervention.Subjective DataThe nurse gathers information about the patient's symptoms and complaints during the subjective assessment. Patients with infective endocarditis often report non-specific symptoms that can mimic other...
Endocarditis III: Medical Management01:18

Endocarditis III: Medical Management

Infective endocarditis management involves a multifaceted approach encompassing infection prevention, lifestyle modifications, pharmacological therapy, and surgical management.Infection Prevention:Hand Hygiene: Thorough handwashing is crucial to prevent the spread of infection. Hand hygiene should be performed regularly, especially before and after using the restroom.Oral Hygiene: Good oral hygiene is essential. It includes brushing teeth immediately after waking up and before bed, flossing...
Infectious Diseases and Their Occurrence01:28

Infectious Diseases and Their Occurrence

Infectious diseases appear in populations through various transmission patterns, influenced by pathogen characteristics, population immunity, environmental conditions, and social behavior. Understanding these patterns is essential for effective public health surveillance and intervention. These categories—sporadic, outbreak, epidemic, pandemic, and endemic—help frame the nature and scope of disease events.Sporadic diseases occur irregularly and infrequently, without a predictable temporal or...
Healthcare Associated Infections II: Preventive Measures01:22

Healthcare Associated Infections II: Preventive Measures

Essential infection prevention measures are based on the knowledge of the infection chain, the modes of transmission in healthcare settings, and the use of the best practices in all healthcare settings. Compulsory public reporting of healthcare-associated infection rates is needed to allow individuals and the community to make informed choices regarding selecting a healthcare facility.
The best practices for preventing healthcare-associated infections include hand hygiene, patient risk...

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Updated: Jun 6, 2026

An In Vitro Model of a Parallel-Plate Perfusion System to Study Bacterial Adherence to Graft Tissues
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An In Vitro Model of a Parallel-Plate Perfusion System to Study Bacterial Adherence to Graft Tissues

Published on: January 7, 2019

Infective Endocarditis Hospitalizations in Kentucky, 2008-2018: Spatial and Temporal Trends.

Meera Marji1, Steve Browning1, W Jay Christian1

  • 1University of Kentucky.

Journal of Appalachian Health
|June 5, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Hospitalization rates for infective endocarditis (IE) linked to intravenous drug use (IDU-IE) surged in Kentucky from 2013-2018. This contrasts with decreasing rates for non-IDU-IE during the same period.

Keywords:
Appalachiageospatial clustersinfective endocarditisopioid epidemic

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 6, 2026

An In Vitro Model of a Parallel-Plate Perfusion System to Study Bacterial Adherence to Graft Tissues
07:50

An In Vitro Model of a Parallel-Plate Perfusion System to Study Bacterial Adherence to Graft Tissues

Published on: January 7, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Infective endocarditis (IE) hospitalizations have risen nationally, largely driven by the opioid crisis.
  • Kentucky (KY) has high rates of opioid-related deaths, yet IE trends within the state are understudied.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze county-level spatial and temporal trends of IE hospitalizations in Kentucky.
  • To investigate the impact of the opioid epidemic on IE incidence in KY.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of hospital inpatient discharge data (2008-2018) for KY residents aged 18+.
  • Identification of IE and intravenous drug use (IDU-IE) using ICD codes.
  • Joinpoint regression for temporal trend analysis and SaTScan for spatiotemporal cluster analysis.

Main Results:

  • 17,787 IE admissions were recorded, with 3,577 linked to IDU.
  • IDU-IE rates dramatically increased from 1.2 to 27.3 per 100,000 residents (2008-2018).
  • A significant upward trend in IDU-IE was observed from 2013-2018 (APC 71.3%), while non-IDU-IE rates declined.

Conclusions:

  • Intravenous drug use-associated IE hospitalizations have significantly increased in KY, particularly from 2013-2018.
  • Spatial analysis revealed significant IE hospitalization clusters within the state.
  • These findings highlight the urgent need for targeted interventions addressing the intersection of the opioid epidemic and IE.