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Updated: Jun 6, 2026

Measuring Gene Expression in Bombarded Barley Aleurone Layers with Increased Throughput
Published on: March 30, 2018
The barley disease resistance protein AvrPphB Response 1 exhibits nucleocytoplasmic localization
Matthew Helm1, Ariana Myers1, Rachel Kelly2
1Crop Production and Pest Control Research Unit, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS), West Lafayette, IN, USA.
Abstract:
Plant immunity is partly mediated by intracellular nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat (NLR) proteins that detect pathogen effector activity, with NLR function often linked to subcellular localization. We previously showed the barley NLR AvrPphB Response 1 (PBR1) recognizes the Pseudomonas syringae effector protease AvrPphB; however, PBR1 localization and the factors influencing it were unknown. Using confocal microscopy following transient expression in Nicotiana benthamiana , we examined full-length PBR1, individual domains, truncations, an N-terminally tagged variant, and a signaling-inactive mutant. PBR1 and all variants localized predominantly to the nucleocytosol, demonstrating that PBR1 localization is independent of domain composition, activation state, or N-terminal tag placement.
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