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Effect of Resveratrol-Loaded Nanoemulsion on Hydraulic Cement Properties: An In Vitro Study
Walter Raucci-Neto1, Larissa Fernanda Pereira1, Antônio Secco Martorano1
1Departamento de Odontologia Restauradora, Faculdade de Odontologia de Ribeirão Preto (FORP/USP), Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
None:
This study evaluated the effects of incorporating a resveratrol-loaded nanoemulsion into a calcium silicate-based cement (MTA) on antioxidant activity, physicochemical properties, apatite formation and bond strength. MTA was modified at 0%, 25%, 50%, 75% and 100%. Antioxidant capacity increased in all nanoemulsion groups (p < 0.05), peaking at 75%. Setting time increased (18.8-26.0 min), with higher values at ≥ 50% (p < 0.05). Solubility increased at ≥ 50%, exceeding 4% (p < 0.05). pH (~9.9) and calcium ion release were higher at 75% and 100% (p < 0.05). FTIR-ATR analysis indicated increased carbonated apatite formation, with lower PO4/CO3 ratios at ≥ 75% (p < 0.05). Compressive strength decreased after 24 h, but not after 30 days. Bond strength increased at 75% and 100% (p < 0.05). Resveratrol nanoemulsion improved apatite formation and bonding; however, higher solubility and reduced early strength require optimization, with 75% as a promising balance.
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