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Clarifying the concept of visual load: a systematic review
1Department of Industrial Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
Ergonomics
|June 6, 2026
Summary
Visual load (VL) lacks a clear definition, hindering research comparability. This review proposes defining VL as the total visual processing demand, encompassing perception, cognition, and responding.
Area of Science:
- Cognitive Science
- Human-Computer Interaction
- Psychology
Background:
- Vision is crucial for information processing.
- Visual load (VL) lacks a standardized definition, leading to inconsistencies in research.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review definitions and methodologies of visual load in existing literature.
- To propose a unified conceptualization of visual load.
Main Methods:
- Systematic review following PRISMA guidelines.
- Searched Web of Science Core Collection, MEDLINE, and PsycINFO.
- Included 119 studies for analysis.
Main Results:
- Only 10% of studies explicitly defined VL, with highly heterogeneous definitions.
- Diverse methods for manipulating and measuring VL indicate a lack of a unified framework.
- Conceptual ambiguity in VL definitions impairs study comparability and practical application.
Conclusions:
- A unified definition of visual load is needed.
- Propose conceptualizing VL as the total visual processing demand.
- VL encompasses three key dimensions: perception, cognition, and responding.
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