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Infectious complications in paediatric kidney transplantation: prevention and management

Andrew N G Macdonald1, Liam J Reilly2, Douglas J Stewart3

  • 1Department of Paediatric Nephrology, Royal Hospital for Children, 1345 Govan Road, Glasgow, G51 4TF, UK.

Pediatric Nephrology (Berlin, Germany)
|June 6, 2026
PubMed

Insights

Kidney transplant infections are a major risk for children, who lack immunity to common pathogens like CMV and EBV. This review covers key infections, prevention strategies, and treatments for pediatric kidney transplant recipients.

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Immunology
  • Pediatric Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Infections pose significant risks for morbidity, mortality, and graft loss in kidney transplant recipients.
  • Pediatric kidney transplant recipients often have immunological naivety, increasing susceptibility to pathogens like Cytomegalovirus (CMV) and Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide an updated review of major pathogens causing infections in pediatric kidney transplant recipients.
  • To discuss current strategies for infection prophylaxis, treatment, and lifestyle modifications to mitigate risks.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent studies and clinical guidelines.
  • Synthesis of information on common pathogens, their transmission, and clinical impact.
  • Analysis of preventive and therapeutic approaches.

Main Results:

  • Identified key pathogens including CMV, EBV, BK virus, and bacterial infections.
  • Highlighted the importance of donor screening and recipient monitoring.
  • Discussed the role of antiviral prophylaxis and prompt treatment.

Conclusions:

  • Meticulous donor screening, proactive management, and timely treatment are crucial for reducing infection-related complications in pediatric kidney transplant recipients.
  • Implementing tailored prophylaxis and lifestyle modifications can significantly improve outcomes.

Keywords:
BacterialInfectionKidneyPreventionTransplantViral

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