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Related Concept Videos

COPD: Pathogenesis and Clinical Features01:20

COPD: Pathogenesis and Clinical Features

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a group of lung conditions that progressively worsen over time, including chronic bronchitis and emphysema. This cluster of diseases collectively leads to a gradual and irreversible decline in lung function over time.
The primary cause for the onset of COPD is cigarette smoking and exposure to air pollution. These hazardous factors initiate a chain reaction within the lungs, resulting in chronic inflammation, damage to the airways, and a...
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-I: Introduction01:20

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-I: Introduction

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a long-lasting respiratory condition requiring continuous attention and care. It is a progressive lung disease that leads to breathing challenges due to airflow obstruction. It manifests as persistent respiratory symptoms and restricted airflow resulting from abnormalities in the airways and alveoli, usually due to long-term exposure to harmful particles or gases. COPD mainly consists of two primary conditions: emphysema and chronic bronchitis.
Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms-SNPs01:05

Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms-SNPs

A single nucleotide polymorphism or SNP is a single nucleotide variation at a specific genomic position in a large population. It is the most prevalent type of sequence variation found in the human genome. Point mutations that occur in more than 1% of the population qualify as SNPs. These are present once every 1000 nucleotides on an average in the human genome. Replacement of a purine with another purine (A/G) or a pyrimidine with another pyrimidine (C/T) is known as a transition. In contrast,...
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease I: Introduction01:23

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease I: Introduction

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is a common, preventable, and treatable respiratory disorder characterized by persistent symptoms and progressive airflow limitation. This limitation results from a combination of small-airway disease (obstructive bronchiolitis) and parenchymal destruction (emphysema), both driven by chronic inflammation from exposure to harmful particles or gases.The disease includes two main pathological entities: emphysema, marked by destruction of alveolar walls and...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 9, 2026

Development of Multiplex Real-Time RT-qPCR Assays for the Detection of SARS-CoV-2, Influenza A/B, and MERS-CoV
03:53

Development of Multiplex Real-Time RT-qPCR Assays for the Detection of SARS-CoV-2, Influenza A/B, and MERS-CoV

Published on: November 10, 2023

Insight to Neglected Biomarkers in COVID-19: A Comprehensive Narrative Review".

Shahram Jalilian1, Mohammad-Navid Bastani1, Fatemeh Afsharzadeh2

  • 1Department of Virology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Iran.

Biomarker Insights
|June 8, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This review highlights neglected biomarkers in COVID-19, revealing insights into disease mechanisms and therapeutic targets. These markers indicate extensive vascular and endothelial damage, suggesting their use in diagnosis and treatment for better patient care.

Keywords:
COVID-19SARS-CoV2cardiovascular biomarkersendothelial dysfunctioninflammation biomarkersvascular biomarkers

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 9, 2026

Development of Multiplex Real-Time RT-qPCR Assays for the Detection of SARS-CoV-2, Influenza A/B, and MERS-CoV
03:53

Development of Multiplex Real-Time RT-qPCR Assays for the Detection of SARS-CoV-2, Influenza A/B, and MERS-CoV

Published on: November 10, 2023

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Immunology
  • Pathophysiology

Background:

  • COVID-19 involves complex pathophysiological mechanisms impacting vascular and endothelial systems.
  • Neglected biomarkers offer critical insights into disease progression and potential therapeutic strategies.
  • Understanding these biomarkers is crucial for managing severe COVID-19 and its systemic effects.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review and analyze the diagnostic and prognostic potential of neglected biomarkers in COVID-19.
  • To elucidate the mechanistic connections between these biomarkers and COVID-19 pathophysiology.
  • To advocate for the integration of these biomarkers into clinical practice for enhanced personalized care.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of literature on neglected biomarkers in COVID-19.
  • Analysis of biomarker associations with endothelial dysfunction, inflammation, and vascular injury.
  • Correlation of immunological markers with disease severity and immune activation.

Main Results:

  • Elevated levels of markers like endothelin, endocan, endoglin, angiopoietin, E-selectin, P-selectin, ICAM-1, VCAM-1, fractalkine, galectin, HMGB1, neopterin, serum amyloid A, MMPs, SuPAR, sFlt-1, pentraxin, syndecan-1, vWF, SP-D, RAGE, and MR-proADM indicate diverse pathological processes.
  • Reduced adiponectin and prostacyclin (PGI2) are linked to endothelial dysfunction.
  • Biomarkers collectively demonstrate extensive vascular and endothelial impairment in COVID-19 patients.

Conclusions:

  • Neglected biomarkers are valuable for diagnosing and predicting COVID-19 outcomes.
  • These biomarkers highlight therapeutic targets for mitigating systemic effects and vascular complications.
  • Further research is needed to explore biomarker roles in other endothelial disorders and viral infections.