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Exploring Patterns of Self-Harm in Autistic Adults Using the Card Sort Task for Self-Harm.

Mirabel Pelton1,2, Victoria Newell2, Blandine French1

  • 1University of Cambridge, UK.

Autism : the International Journal of Research and Practice
|June 8, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Autistic adults experience higher rates of self-harm. The Card Sort Task for Self-Harm (CaTS) is an accessible tool to explore contributing factors and experiences related to self-harm in autistic individuals.

Keywords:
Card Sort Task for Self-Harmanxietyautismemotional distressself-harmsuicide

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Area of Science:

  • Psychiatry
  • Psychology
  • Neurodevelopmental Disorders

Background:

  • Autistic adults exhibit higher self-harm prevalence compared to non-autistic adults.
  • Existing tools inadequately assess self-harm patterns in autistic populations.
  • Understanding the unique experiences of self-harm in autistic individuals is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the accessibility of the Card Sort Task for Self-Harm (CaTS) for autistic adults.
  • To pilot the CaTS for identifying proximal and distal factors contributing to self-harm.
  • To explore post-self-harm experiences using the CaTS.

Main Methods:

  • Co-design and accessibility review of the CaTS with autistic adults (n=5).
  • Pilot administration of the CaTS to autistic or possibly autistic adults (n=29).
  • Sequence analysis to identify transitions between factors before and after self-harm.

Main Results:

  • The CaTS was found to be accessible and useful for exploring self-harm in autistic adults.
  • Frequently reported pre-self-harm factors included agitation and impulsivity.
  • Post-self-harm experiences commonly involved feeling better, worse, exhausted, or hopeless.

Conclusions:

  • The CaTS provides a systematic method for understanding self-harm in autistic adults.
  • Interventions focusing on emotion regulation and communication needs may reduce self-harm.
  • Further research should explore targeted support for impulsivity and self-harm prevention.