[Weight Recurrence After Bariatric Surgery: Definitions, Diagnosis, and Management Strategies. Part 1]

Weight Recurrence (WR) after bariatric surgery is a common long-term complication, undermining the effectiveness of the procedure and the resolution of comorbidities associated with obesity. The prevalence of WR varies widely, depending on the definition used and follow-up duration.

To analyze the current definitions, contributing factors, and management strategies for WR, emphasizing the importance of early detection and comprehensive follow-up.

A narrative review of published literature on WR after bariatric surgery was conducted, focusing on epidemiology, pathophysiology, risk factors, and therapeutic approaches, including behavioral, pharmacological, endoscopic, and surgical options.

WR can occur in over 70% of patients during long-term follow-up, depending on the criteria used. Key contributors include behavioral factors, lack of adherence to nutritional recommendations, hormonal adaptations, anatomical changes, and insufficient postoperative follow-up. Early detection within the first two years after surgery improves the likelihood of successful interventions. Treatment options range from lifestyle modification and psychological support to advanced endoscopic and surgical techniques, with outcomes varying based on patient-specific factors.

WR is a multifactorial issue requiring individualized, multidisciplinary management. Strengthening follow-up protocols and utilizing predictive tools can optimize long-term outcomes for bariatric surgery patients.