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Related Concept Videos

Master Transcription Regulators02:23

Master Transcription Regulators

Master transcription regulators are regulatory proteins that are predominantly responsible for regulating the expression of multiple genes. Often these genes work in concert to drive a  complex process. Activation of a master transcription regulator can lead to a cascade of transcriptional activation necessary for that outcome. These regulators can directly bind to the regulatory sequences of the various genes involved, or they can indirectly regulate transcription by binding to regulatory...
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Identification of MyoD Interactome Using Tandem Affinity Purification Coupled to Mass Spectrometry
14:47

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Published on: May 17, 2016

Homer 2 regulates muscle differentiation with NFATc1.

Miki Aizawa, Masakazu Kinoshita, Kunihiro Sakuma

    Cells, Tissues, Organs
    |June 8, 2026
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Homer 2 protein expression increases during skeletal muscle regeneration. This protein may play a role in the muscle repair process through the calcineurin-NFAT pathway, interacting with NFATc1.

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    Published on: April 30, 2014

    Area of Science:

    • Muscle regeneration
    • Cell signaling pathways
    • Skeletal muscle physiology

    Background:

    • The calcineurin-NFAT pathway is crucial for skeletal muscle regeneration.
    • Homer 2, known to modulate central nervous system signaling, binds to NFATc1.
    • The specific role of Homer 2 in skeletal muscle regeneration remains unclear.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate changes in Homer 2 protein levels and expression patterns during skeletal muscle regeneration.
    • To explore the potential interaction between Homer 2 and NFATc1 in this process.

    Main Methods:

    • Skeletal muscle injury was induced in male ICR mice using bupivacaine hydrochloride.
    • TA muscles were analyzed at 2, 4, and 6 days post-injury.
    • Immunofluorescence staining was performed for Homer 2, NFATc1, Pax7, and myogenin.
    • Co-immunoprecipitation was used to assess Homer 2 and NFATc1 interaction.

    Main Results:

    • Homer 2 expression was detected in regenerating TA muscles.
    • Homer 2 co-localized with Pax7 (satellite cell marker) and myogenin (differentiation marker).
    • Homer 2 and NFATc1-positive cell frequency significantly increased at 4 and 6 days post-injury.
    • Homer 2 and NFATc1 interaction levels markedly increased at 4 days.

    Conclusions:

    • Homer 2 protein expression is upregulated during TA muscle regeneration.
    • Homer 2 may participate in skeletal muscle regeneration via the calcineurin-NFAT pathway.