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Related Concept Videos

¹H NMR: Complex Splitting01:13

¹H NMR: Complex Splitting

A proton M that is coupled to a proton X results in doublet signals for M. However, NMR-active nuclei can be simultaneously coupled to more than one nonequivalent nucleus. When M is coupled to a second proton A, such as in styrene oxide, each peak in the doublet is split into another doublet.
Splitting diagrams or splitting tree diagrams are routinely used to depict such complex couplings. While drawing splitting diagrams, the splitting with the larger coupling constant is usually applied first.
Interpreting ¹H NMR Signal Splitting: The (n + 1) Rule01:10

Interpreting ¹H NMR Signal Splitting: The (n + 1) Rule

In the AX proton spin system, proton A can sense the two spin states of a coupled proton X, resulting in a doublet NMR signal with two peaks of equal (1:1) intensity. When proton A is coupled to two equivalent protons (AX2 spin system), the spin states of each X can be aligned with or against the external field, creating three possible scenarios. This results in a 1:2:1  triplet signal, where the central peak corresponds to the chemical shift of A and is twice as large or intense as the others.
¹³C NMR: Distortionless Enhancement by Polarization Transfer (DEPT)01:20

¹³C NMR: Distortionless Enhancement by Polarization Transfer (DEPT)

When proton-coupled carbon-13 spectra are simplified by a broadband proton decoupling technique, structural information about the coupled protons is lost. Distortionless enhancement by polarization transfer (DEPT) is a technique that provides information on the number of hydrogens attached to each carbon in a molecule. While the DEPT experiment utilizes complex pulse sequences, the pulse delay and flip angle are specifically manipulated. The resulting signals have different phases depending on...
Atomic Force Microscopy01:08

Atomic Force Microscopy

Atomic force microscopy (AFM) is a type of scanning probe microscopy that can analyze topographic details of various specimens like ceramics, glass, polymers, and biological samples. AFM offers over 1000 times more resolution than the optical imaging system. Images generated from AFM are three-dimensional surface profiles, offering an advantage over the flat, two-dimensional images from other imaging techniques.
The AFM Probe
The probe is regarded as the heart of any AFM setup and comprises the...
Attenuated Total Reflectance (ATR) Infrared Spectroscopy: Overview01:13

Attenuated Total Reflectance (ATR) Infrared Spectroscopy: Overview

Attenuated total reflectance (ATR) infrared spectroscopy is a powerful analytical technique used to study the composition of materials. It is widely employed in chemistry, materials science, forensic science, and other fields where sample characterization is required. ATR has several advantages over traditional transmission IR spectroscopy, including the requirement of little to no sample preparation and the ability to analyze a wide range of samples.
The ATR process begins by directing a beam...
Double Resonance Techniques: Overview01:12

Double Resonance Techniques: Overview

Double resonance techniques in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy involve the simultaneous application of two different frequencies or radiofrequency pulses to manipulate and observe two distinct nuclear spins. One important application of double resonance is spin decoupling, which selectively suppresses coupling with one type of nucleus while observing the NMR signal from another nucleus, simplifying the spectrum and enhancing resolution.
Spin decoupling is usually achieved by...

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Updated: Jun 11, 2026

Profiling of Permethylated Mucin O-glycans Using Matrix-assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Time-of-flight Mass Spectrometry
08:51

Profiling of Permethylated Mucin O-glycans Using Matrix-assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Time-of-flight Mass Spectrometry

Published on: June 20, 2025

Spatially resolved m6A profiling using m6A-ARTR-DBiT.

Yu Xiao1,2,3, Zhiliang Bai4, Zhuoning Zou1,2

  • 1Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.

Nature Methods
|June 9, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

We developed m6A-ARTR-DBiT, a new method to map RNA modifications in tissues. This technique reveals how N6-methyladenosine (m6A) distribution relates to gene expression and tissue structure.

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Contrast-Matching Detergent in Small-Angle Neutron Scattering Experiments for Membrane Protein Structural Analysis and Ab Initio Modeling

Published on: October 21, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Epigenetics
  • Genomics

Background:

  • N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is a crucial RNA modification with diverse regulatory roles.
  • The spatial distribution of m6A within tissues is largely unknown, limiting our understanding of its function.
  • Existing methods lack the resolution to map m6A distribution while preserving tissue context.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce and validate m6A-ARTR-DBiT, a novel assay for spatial m6A profiling.
  • To generate high-resolution m6A landscapes in intact mouse tissues.
  • To explore the relationship between spatial m6A patterns and gene expression.

Main Methods:

  • m6A-ARTR-DBiT assay utilizes reverse-transcription-based detection and deterministic barcoding in tissue.
  • Application to mouse embryonic tissues and adult brains, including the hippocampus.
  • Pairwise comparison of spatial m6A profiles with spatial transcriptomes.

Main Results:

  • Spatially resolved m6A landscapes were generated for mouse embryonic and adult brain tissues.
  • Region-associated m6A features were identified across different functional domains.
  • Positive correlations were found between m6A levels and the expression of m6A-related enzymes and proteins.
  • High-resolution mapping of m6A organization within fine-scale hippocampal structures was achieved.

Conclusions:

  • m6A-ARTR-DBiT is a powerful platform for interrogating RNA modification distribution in intact tissues.
  • The study provides insights into the link between spatially patterned m6A deposition and gene regulation.
  • This method enables systematic identification of tissue-region-specific epitranscriptomic regulation.