Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Exercise and Cardiovascular Response01:20

Exercise and Cardiovascular Response

Exercise significantly impacts cardiovascular response, which is crucial for understanding patient health and designing effective treatment plans.
Light to moderate physical activity initiates a series of interconnected responses in the body. The heart rate modestly increases in anticipation of the workout, followed by widespread vasodilation as oxygen consumption by skeletal muscles increases. This results in decreased peripheral resistance, increased capillary blood flow, and accelerated...
Factors Influencing Heart Rate01:30

Factors Influencing Heart Rate

The heart rate, or pulse rate, is a vital indicator of cardiovascular health. It reflects the number of times the heart beats per minute. Various physiological and environmental factors influence heart rate, increasing or decreasing cardiac output. Understanding these factors is crucial for assessing heart function and identifying potential health issues.
Let us explore the significant factors affecting heart rate, including age, body temperature, posture, acute pain, chemical influences,...
Imbalances in Cardiac Output01:26

Imbalances in Cardiac Output

The heart's primary function is to pump blood throughout the body, maintaining a balance between blood sent out (cardiac output) and blood returning (venous return). If this balance is disrupted, it can result in congestive heart failure (CHF), a severe condition where the heart becomes an inefficient pump, leading to inadequate blood circulation.
CHF can occur due to the failure of either side of the heart. Left-side failure leads to pulmonary congestion—the right side continues to send blood...
Exercise and Muscle Performance01:27

Exercise and Muscle Performance

Exercise induces a range of adaptations in muscle tissue, depending on the type and duration of activity. Such physical training can be broadly categorized into two types: endurance exercises and resistance exercises.
Endurance exercises
Endurance exercises involve running, swimming, or cycling, which require repetitive movements with low force output. When a person engages in endurance exercise, a few noticeable changes occur in their skeletal muscles. For instance, the number of capillaries...
Exercise and Cardiac Output01:17

Exercise and Cardiac Output

Regular physical activity is essential for maintaining cardiovascular health, with aerobic exercises being particularly effective. According to the American Heart Association, 150 minutes of moderate to intense aerobic exercise per week is recommended for a healthy heart. Aerobic activities may include brisk walking, running, bicycling, cross-country skiing, and swimming, ideally performed three to five times per week.
Sustained exercise increases the muscles' oxygen demand, which can be met...
Assessment of Airway, Skin Color, and Use of Accessory Muscles01:30

Assessment of Airway, Skin Color, and Use of Accessory Muscles

A thorough assessment of respiratory health is paramount in clinical settings to identify and manage respiratory distress and ensure adequate oxygenation. This article elaborates on the critical aspects of respiratory evaluation, including airway assessment, skin color examination, and the observation of accessory muscle use, which are integral to effectively diagnosing and managing patients with respiratory conditions.
Introduction
The initial evaluation of a patient's respiratory system...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Genome-wide characterization and cold-responsive expression profile of Rab GTPases and their regulatory proteins in O. rufipogen.

Planta·2026
Same author

A comprehensive evaluation of soil sampling methods: advantages, limitations, and practical implications.

Environmental monitoring and assessment·2026
Same author

Ultrasound-assisted extraction of Ehretia macrophylla wall. Fruit phenolic acids: Process optimization, characterization, and lung protective activities.

Ultrasonics sonochemistry·2026
Same author

The Society of Thoracic Surgeons Adult Cardiac Surgery Database: 2026 Update on Outcomes and Research.

The Annals of thoracic surgery·2026
Same author

Geospatial analysis as a tool for identification of potential targetable regions for lung cancer screening interventions in Massachusetts.

Journal of thoracic disease·2026
Same author

Association of tricuspid regurgitation with clinical events and quality of life after surgery for severe ischemic mitral regurgitation.

JTCVS structural and endovascular·2026
Same journal

Cases Series of Management of Poland Syndrome With Customized Silicone Implants.

Annals of thoracic surgery short reports·2026
Same journal

Single-Center Initial Experience with Robotic Assisted Minimally Invasive Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery.

Annals of thoracic surgery short reports·2026
Same journal

Right Pulmonary Artery Bypass After Prior Left Pneumonectomy for Pulmonary Artery Sarcoma.

Annals of thoracic surgery short reports·2026
Same journal

Congenital Pulmonary Airway Malformation Manifesting as a Massive Tumor in an Adult Patient.

Annals of thoracic surgery short reports·2026
Same journal

Formula-Based Relocation of the Papillary Muscle in Patients With Ischemic Mitral Regurgitation.

Annals of thoracic surgery short reports·2026
Same journal

Branch Pulmonary Artery Reinterventions After Repair of Truncus Arteriosus.

Annals of thoracic surgery short reports·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 11, 2026

A Real-World High-Intensity Interval Training Protocol for Cardiorespiratory Fitness Improvement
08:27

A Real-World High-Intensity Interval Training Protocol for Cardiorespiratory Fitness Improvement

Published on: February 22, 2022

Changing Faces: Match Rates and Demographic Shifts in Cardiothoracic Training Programs.

Michelle Burmistrova1, Alice Zhou2, Alexandra A Rizaldi2

  • 1Albany Medical College, Albany, New York.

Annals of Thoracic Surgery Short Reports
|June 10, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Integrated (I6) fellowship programs show increasing racial diversity and rising match rates, unlike traditional programs. Women are increasingly represented in both, highlighting the need for continued efforts to boost trainee diversity.

More Related Videos

Creation of Patient-Specific Silicone Cardiac Models with Applications in Pre-surgical Plans and Hands-on Training
09:15

Creation of Patient-Specific Silicone Cardiac Models with Applications in Pre-surgical Plans and Hands-on Training

Published on: February 10, 2022

A Novel Digital Platform for a Monitored Home-based Cardiac Rehabilitation Program
04:24

A Novel Digital Platform for a Monitored Home-based Cardiac Rehabilitation Program

Published on: April 19, 2019

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 11, 2026

A Real-World High-Intensity Interval Training Protocol for Cardiorespiratory Fitness Improvement
08:27

A Real-World High-Intensity Interval Training Protocol for Cardiorespiratory Fitness Improvement

Published on: February 22, 2022

Creation of Patient-Specific Silicone Cardiac Models with Applications in Pre-surgical Plans and Hands-on Training
09:15

Creation of Patient-Specific Silicone Cardiac Models with Applications in Pre-surgical Plans and Hands-on Training

Published on: February 10, 2022

A Novel Digital Platform for a Monitored Home-based Cardiac Rehabilitation Program
04:24

A Novel Digital Platform for a Monitored Home-based Cardiac Rehabilitation Program

Published on: April 19, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Medical Education
  • Surgical Training
  • Diversity in Medicine

Background:

  • Fellowship programs are crucial for advanced medical training.
  • Understanding demographic trends in these programs is vital for equity.
  • Integrated (I6) and traditional fellowship structures may influence trainee diversity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze trends in racial and gender composition of integrated (I6) and traditional fellowship programs.
  • To examine the association between demographic shifts and match rates in these programs.
  • To assess diversity in cardiothoracic surgery fellowship training pathways.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of National Residency Matching Program and Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education data (2011-2022).
  • Time series analyses (Mann-Kendall, Bayesian trend, ARIMA) for demographic shifts.
  • Dirichlet regression to assess the relationship between match rates and demographic trends.

Main Results:

  • Integrated (I6) programs saw significant increases in Asian/Pacific Islander, Hispanic, and Black trainees, while White trainees decreased.
  • Traditional fellowships maintained stable racial compositions.
  • Women trainees increased in both pathways, with projected 50% representation by 2035 (I6) and 2046 (traditional).
  • Match rates declined in traditional fellowships but rose in I6 programs.

Conclusions:

  • Integrated (I6) programs have become more racially diverse over the past decade.
  • Women's representation is increasing in both integrated and traditional fellowship pathways.
  • Continued efforts are essential to enhance access and diversity within cardiothoracic surgery training.