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Rate-programmed drug delivery systems release drugs in a controlled manner to maintain therapeutic levels. Three main designs include reservoir, matrix, and hybrid systems.Reservoir systems consist of a drug core enclosed within a membrane that controls drug release. In non-swelling reservoir systems, polymers like ethyl cellulose or polymethacrylates are used. These do not hydrate in aqueous media and control release through membrane thickness, porosity, or insolubility. This type includes...
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pH-Responsive Core-Shell Polymer Capsules via Liquid-Liquid Encapsulation with Decoupled Release Onset and Diffusion

Utsab Banerjee1, Sayan Ganguly2, Charusluk Viphavakit3

  • 1Department of Mechanical & Mechatronics Engineering, Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada.

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PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study developed pH-responsive polymer capsules using liquid-liquid encapsulation for controlled drug delivery. The Eudragit L100 shell dissolves at higher pH, releasing hydrogel carriers with caffeine and riboflavin in a sustained manner.

Keywords:
Eudragit L100alginate hydrogelscontrolled drug releasecore–shell capsulesdiffusion-controlled releaseliquid–liquid encapsulationpH-responsive polymersstimuli-responsive systems

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Chemical Engineering
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Stimuli-responsive polymer encapsulation is crucial for advanced drug delivery.
  • Controlled and sustained release mechanisms are needed for next-generation therapeutics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To fabricate pH-responsive polymer capsules for controlled drug release.
  • To investigate the release dynamics of caffeine and riboflavin from hydrogel carriers within Eudragit L100 shells.
  • To decouple release onset from diffusion-controlled release kinetics.

Main Methods:

  • Liquid-liquid encapsulation technique used to create Eudragit L100 shells.
  • Incorporation of hydrogel carriers loaded with caffeine and riboflavin.
  • Utilized laser-oil droplets with fluorescent particles as a model system for visualization.
  • Studied capsule stability and release profiles across different pH conditions.

Main Results:

  • Eudragit L100 shells demonstrated pH-responsive dissolution, stable at acidic pH and dissolving at neutral to basic pH.
  • Release of caffeine and riboflavin from hydrogel carriers followed a two-step mechanism: shell dissolution and matrix diffusion.
  • The Eudragit L100 shell controlled the release onset, while the hydrogel core regulated diffusion kinetics.
  • Hydrogel-based capsules exhibited reduced and sustained release compared to liquid-core systems due to alginate matrix diffusion resistance.

Conclusions:

  • Developed a scalable strategy for creating controlled, pH-responsive drug delivery systems.
  • Demonstrated the ability to decouple release onset from subsequent diffusion kinetics within a single platform.
  • The Eudragit L100 shell and alginate hydrogel core work synergistically to achieve tunable drug release profiles.