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NMR Spectrometers: Resolution and Error Correction01:14

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When magnetic nuclei in a sample achieve resonance and undergo relaxation, the signal detected in NMR is an approximately exponential free induction decay. Fourier transform of an exponential decay yields a Lorentzian peak in the frequency domain. Lorentzian peaks in an NMR spectrum are defined by their amplitude, full width at half maximum, and position, where the peak width is governed by the spin-spin relaxation time alone. In real experiments, however, the applied magnetic field is rendered...

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A Multimodal Wide-Field Fourier-Transform Raman Microscope
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Post-processing correction of frequency sweep nonlinearity for FMCW LiDAR based on GPST-SST.

Zhenfeng Li, Mengmeng Xu, Miao Hu

    Applied Optics
    |June 10, 2026
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    This study introduces a novel nonlinear correction method for Frequency-Modulated Continuous Wave (FMCW) LiDAR, significantly improving measurement accuracy. The enhanced FMCW LiDAR system achieves a minimal standard deviation of 0.3 mm in ranging experiments.

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    Area of Science:

    • Optoelectronics
    • Signal Processing
    • Metrology

    Background:

    • Frequency-Modulated Continuous Wave (FMCW) LiDAR offers high resolution and anti-interference capabilities.
    • Performance is often limited by nonlinearities in the laser frequency sweep.
    • Accurate ranging is crucial for various applications.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To propose and validate a nonlinear correction method for FMCW LiDAR.
    • To enhance the measurement precision of FMCW LiDAR systems.
    • To address the limitations imposed by laser frequency sweep nonlinearity.

    Main Methods:

    • Developed a nonlinear correction technique integrating the Generalized Parametric Stockwell Transform (GPST) and Synchrosqueezing Transform (SST).
    • Applied phase compensation to the beat signal within the FMCW LiDAR system.
    • Conducted 100 repeated ranging experiments on a fixed target at 1 meter.

    Main Results:

    • Achieved a standard deviation of only 0.3 mm in measurement error over 100 trials.
    • Demonstrated significant improvement in ranging accuracy compared to uncorrected methods.
    • Validated the effectiveness of the proposed time-frequency analysis-based correction.

    Conclusions:

    • The proposed GPST and SST combined method offers an effective solution for FMCW LiDAR nonlinearity.
    • This technique substantially enhances the measurement performance and accuracy of FMCW LiDAR.
    • Provides a viable technical path for developing more precise LiDAR systems.