Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Multiple Comparison Tests01:13

Multiple Comparison Tests

Multiple comparison test, abbreviated as MCT, is a post hoc analysis generally performed after comparing multiple samples with one or more tests. An MCT will help identify a significantly different sample among multiple samples or a factor among multiple factors.
It would be easy to compare two samples using a significance alpha level of 0.05. In other words, there is only one sample pair to be compared. However, it would be difficult to identify a significantly different sample if the number...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Updated 2026 Comprehensive Evidence-Based Guidelines for Facet Joint Interventions in the Management of Chronic Spinal Pain: American Society of Interventional Pain Physicians (ASIPP) Guidelines.

Pain physician·2026
Same author

Neurovascular Compression Syndromes of Cranial Nerves: A Multidisciplinary Guide to Management.

Brain sciences·2026
Same author

A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials of Epidural Regenerative Medicine Therapies in Managing Spinal Pain.

Current pain and headache reports·2026
Same author

The Utility of Caudal Epidural Steroid Injections: A Comprehensive Review.

Orthopedic reviews·2026
Same author

Radiofrequency ablation of C2-3 medial branches/third occipital nerve to treat cervicogenic headache.

Annals of palliative medicine·2026
Same author

Artificial Intelligence in Neuropathic Pain: From Mechanisms to Neuromodulation and Regenerative Strategies.

Current pain and headache reports·2026
Same journal

Impact of Adjunctive Truncal Regional Analgesia on Postoperative Sleep Quality After Total Abdominal Hysterectomy: A Prospective Observational Study.

Pain medicine (Malden, Mass.)·2026
Same journal

Considerations for Cervical Medial Branch Nerve Radiofrequency at Spinal Motion Segments Adjacent to Cervical Fusion Constructs: A Technical Note.

Pain medicine (Malden, Mass.)·2026
Same journal

Return to work after neurostimulation for chronic pain: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Pain medicine (Malden, Mass.)·2026
Same journal

AAPM Consensus Guidelines on Neuromodulation Technologies and Neurocomputer Interfaces for Pain Management and Functional Recovery.

Pain medicine (Malden, Mass.)·2026
Same journal

Painfully different numbers: Spinal patients' self-reported pain ratings in clinical versus research assessments.

Pain medicine (Malden, Mass.)·2026
Same journal

Beyond Post-Dural Puncture Headache: Differential Diagnosis and Complications Following Labor Epidural Analgesia.

Pain medicine (Malden, Mass.)·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 12, 2026

Candidate Gene Testing in Clinical Cohort Studies with Multiplexed Genotyping and Mass Spectrometry
05:53

Candidate Gene Testing in Clinical Cohort Studies with Multiplexed Genotyping and Mass Spectrometry

Published on: June 21, 2018

Differential target multiplexed SCS (DTM SCS): a rational hypothesis.

Leonardo Kapural1, Ricardo Vallejo2, David L Cedeño2

  • 1Carolinas Pain Institute, Winston-Salem, NC, United States.

Pain Medicine (Malden, Mass.)
|June 10, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Differential Target Multiplexed (DTM) spinal cord stimulation (SCS) therapy offers a novel approach to chronic low back pain. DTM SCS utilizes advanced programming to improve pain relief and potentially restore spinal cord health.

Keywords:
FBSS (failed back surgery syndrome)back painchronic paindifferential target multiplexedneuropathic painspinal cord stimulationupper limb painwaveforms

More Related Videos

A High Throughput, Multiplexed and Targeted Proteomic CSF Assay to Quantify Neurodegenerative Biomarkers and Apolipoprotein E Isoforms Status
07:08

A High Throughput, Multiplexed and Targeted Proteomic CSF Assay to Quantify Neurodegenerative Biomarkers and Apolipoprotein E Isoforms Status

Published on: October 20, 2016

Multiplex Immunohistochemical Analysis of the Spatial Immune Cell Landscape of the Tumor Microenvironment
06:32

Multiplex Immunohistochemical Analysis of the Spatial Immune Cell Landscape of the Tumor Microenvironment

Published on: August 18, 2023

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 12, 2026

Candidate Gene Testing in Clinical Cohort Studies with Multiplexed Genotyping and Mass Spectrometry
05:53

Candidate Gene Testing in Clinical Cohort Studies with Multiplexed Genotyping and Mass Spectrometry

Published on: June 21, 2018

A High Throughput, Multiplexed and Targeted Proteomic CSF Assay to Quantify Neurodegenerative Biomarkers and Apolipoprotein E Isoforms Status
07:08

A High Throughput, Multiplexed and Targeted Proteomic CSF Assay to Quantify Neurodegenerative Biomarkers and Apolipoprotein E Isoforms Status

Published on: October 20, 2016

Multiplex Immunohistochemical Analysis of the Spatial Immune Cell Landscape of the Tumor Microenvironment
06:32

Multiplex Immunohistochemical Analysis of the Spatial Immune Cell Landscape of the Tumor Microenvironment

Published on: August 18, 2023

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Pain Management

Background:

  • Spinal cord stimulation (SCS) therapy initially focused on paresthesia for chronic low back pain.
  • Newer SCS modalities aim for long-term pain relief and reduced side effects.
  • Emerging evidence suggests SCS modulates pain via Aβ-fibers and glial cell interactions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the rationale and development of Differential Target Multiplexed (DTM) SCS.
  • To provide an overview of DTM SCS clinical applications.
  • To review key outcomes of DTM SCS studies in chronic low back pain.

Main Methods:

  • Differential Target Multiplexed (DTM) programming uses synchronous, multiplexed signals at varying rates and amplitudes.
  • Preclinical studies in animal models demonstrated DTM SCS can revert spinal cord neurons and glia to a non-injured state.
  • Review of randomized clinical trials (RCTs) comparing DTM SCS to other SCS treatments for chronic low back pain.

Main Results:

  • DTM SCS demonstrated promise in preclinical transcriptomics and proteomics studies.
  • Clinical studies and RCTs indicate DTM SCS may enhance outcomes for chronic low back pain patients.
  • The development involved preclinical research, feasibility studies, and confirmatory RCTs.

Conclusions:

  • DTM SCS represents an advancement in spinal cord stimulation therapy.
  • The therapy is supported by preclinical findings and clinical trial evidence.
  • DTM SCS shows potential for improved management of chronic low back pain.