Mapping Employability Assessments for Adults with Limitations of Functioning: A Scoping Review

Area of Science:

• Vocational Rehabilitation
• Disability Studies
• Health Services Research

Background:

• Employment is crucial for income, social connection, and identity.
• Adults with functional limitations face significant barriers to labor market participation.
• Employability assessments are critical for accessing vocational services and support.

Purpose of the Study:

• To explore current practices in employability assessment for individuals with functional limitations.
• To understand the variation in assessment objectives, models, content, and methods across different contexts.

Main Methods:

• A structured four-step scoping review of scientific and grey literature since 2005.
• Systematic identification, selection, analysis, and extraction of evidence on employability assessment.
• Inclusion of English and French language publications.

Main Results:

• 37 documents were identified, showing diverse assessment approaches.
• Assessments consider individual factors, environmental contexts, and participation.
• Common data collection methods include interviews, observations, and standardized tools.
• Challenges include overreliance on medical data, assessor variability, and assessment burden.

Conclusions:

• Employability assessment practices are varied and influenced by social and political factors.
• There is a need for more standardized and reflective approaches to employability assessment.
• Current practices range from rigid procedures to subjective professional judgment.