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Developing and implementing an MSM-led, community-based HIV service model in South Sulawesi: an implementation
Sudirman1, Nittaya Phanuphak2, Siti Nadia Tarmizi3
1School of Global Health, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
JBI Evidence Implementation
|June 10, 2026
Summary
This pilot study successfully launched an MSM-led community-based HIV service model in South Sulawesi, Indonesia. The program demonstrated early adoption and feasibility, paving the way for future expansion and improved HIV prevention for men who have sex with men (MSM).
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Implementation Science
- HIV/AIDS Research
Background:
- HIV prevalence is disproportionately high among men who have sex with men (MSM) in Indonesia.
- Integrated, community-led HIV services are scarce outside major urban centers.
- This research adapts Thailand's Key Population-Led Health Services model for the Indonesian context.
Purpose of the Study:
- To pilot an MSM-led, community-based service (CBS) model in South Sulawesi, Indonesia.
- To evaluate process indicators and early adoption signals of the CBS model.
- To inform the subsequent phases of implementation research.
Main Methods:
- A process evaluation was conducted in Makassar City and Bulukumba Regency.
- Key strategies included competency-based training, supervised internships at public health centers (puskesmas), and engagement with health authorities.
- Two static community-based service (CBS) sites were established and evaluated.
Main Results:
- Fourteen MSM community health workers completed training and internships, meeting competency standards.
- Health authorities provided essential support, including designation letters and rapid test supplies.
- Two CBS sites were launched, with high participant satisfaction despite requests for longer training durations, indicating feasibility and acceptability.
Conclusions:
- The pilot successfully achieved start-up milestones for an MSM-led CBS model linked to puskesmas in a non-metropolitan area.
- Early adoption signals suggest the model's potential for wider implementation.
- Findings will refine training, supervision, and logistics for Phase 3, including fidelity measurement.
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