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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 12, 2026

Porcine As a Training Module for Head and Neck Microvascular Reconstruction
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Porcine As a Training Module for Head and Neck Microvascular Reconstruction

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Open Boari Flap Teaching Simulation using a Porcine Model.

Christina M Mezes1, Nicole J Wood2, Elena Tunitsky-Bitton2

  • 1Department of Urology, Division of Urogynecology, Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist, Winston-Salem, NC.

American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology
|June 10, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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This study introduces a high-fidelity simulation for ureteral reimplantation and Boari flap creation, enhancing OB/GYN trainee confidence and skills in managing ureteral injuries from gynecologic surgery.

Area of Science:

  • Surgical Education
  • Urology
  • Gynecology

Background:

  • Ureteral injuries are rare but serious complications of gynecologic surgery.
  • Most injuries affect the distal ureter and may require complex reconstruction like ureteroneocystostomy with a Boari flap.
  • Limited exposure to these procedures hinders OB/GYN trainee proficiency.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a high-fidelity simulation model for Boari flap creation with ureteral reimplantation.
  • To assess the impact of this simulation on trainee confidence and procedural understanding.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized freshly harvested porcine bladders to create a realistic simulation model.
  • Trainees viewed an instructional video and performed the procedure under supervision.
Keywords:
Boari flapsimulationureteral reimplantation

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  • Pre- and post-simulation questionnaires evaluated face validity and confidence levels.

    • Main Results:

    • All participants reported increased confidence in describing the procedural steps post-simulation.
    • A significant majority (61%) had no prior observation or experience with ureteral reimplantation.
    • The simulation provided realistic, tactile exposure to the complex repair technique.

    Conclusions:

    • The developed simulation model effectively bridges the educational gap in ureteral reimplantation and Boari flap creation.
    • This reproducible model can enhance surgical education, improving trainee familiarity and skills for complex ureteral repairs.