Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Translational Regulation01:29

Translational Regulation

Translational regulation in prokaryotes ensures efficient protein synthesis by controlling ribosome access to mRNA. This regulation is mediated by secondary RNA structures, including translational riboswitches, RNA thermometers, and small RNAs (sRNAs), which respond to intracellular and environmental signals to modulate gene expression.Translational RiboswitchesRiboswitches in the leader region of mRNAs can regulate translation by altering the accessibility of the Shine-Dalgarno (SD) sequence,...
Types of RNA01:23

Types of RNA

Overview
Three main types of RNA are involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). These RNAs perform diverse functions and can be broadly classified as protein-coding or non-coding RNA. Non-coding RNAs play important roles in the regulation of gene expression in response to developmental and environmental changes. Non-coding RNAs in prokaryotes can be manipulated to develop more effective antibacterial drugs for human or animal use.
RNA...
Types of RNA01:20

Types of RNA

Three main types of RNA are involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). These RNAs perform diverse functions and can be broadly classified as protein-coding or non-coding RNA. Non-coding RNAs play important roles in regulating gene expression in response to developmental and environmental changes. Non-coding RNAs in prokaryotes can be manipulated to develop more effective antibacterial drugs for human or animal use.
RNA Performs Diverse...
Regulation of Expression at Multiple Steps01:23

Regulation of Expression at Multiple Steps

The gene expression in cells is regulated at different stages: (i) transcription, (ii) RNA processing, (iii) RNA localization, and (iv) translation. Transcriptional regulation is mediated by regulatory proteins such as transcription factors, activators, or repressors—these control gene expression by initiating or inhibiting the transcription of genes. Once a precursor or pre-mRNA is produced, it undergoes post-transcriptional modification, including 5' capping, splicing, and the addition of a...
Riboswitches01:56

Riboswitches

Riboswitches are non-coding mRNA domains that regulate the transcription and translation of downstream genes without the help of proteins. Riboswitches bind directly to a metabolite and can form unique stem-loop or hairpin structures in response to the amount of the metabolite present. They have two distinct regions – a metabolite-binding aptamer and an expression platform.
The aptamer has high specificity for a particular metabolite which allows riboswitches to specifically regulate...
Leaky Scanning02:28

Leaky Scanning

During most eukaryotic translation processes, the small 40S ribosome subunit scans an mRNA from its 5' end until it encounters the first start AUG codon. The large 60S ribosomal subunit then joins the smaller one to initiate protein synthesis. The location of the translation initiation is largely determined by the nucleotides near the start codon as there may be multiple translation initiation sites present on the mRNA.  Marilyn Kozak discovered that the sequence RCCAUGG (where R stands for...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Cation-Modulated Hydrophilicity-Directed Diverse Catalysis Performance: Polyoxovanadate-Based Ni<sup>II</sup>/Co<sup>II</sup> Complexes with Multiple Catalytic Sites in Baeyer-Villiger Oxidation Reaction.

ACS applied materials & interfaces·2026
Same author

Ligand-Mediated Cu Valence States in Polyoxometalate-Based Complexes for Enhanced Baeyer-Villiger Oxidation.

Inorganic chemistry·2026
Same author

hsa_circ_0003218 Mitigates Trophoblast Dysfunction in Gestational Diabetes by Regulating TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB and NLRP3 Inflammasome.

Clinical laboratory·2026
Same author

Psychological stress exacerbates vitiligo via dysregulated proteolysis of substance P and MRGPRX2-dependent mast cell activation.

Journal of dermatological science·2026
Same author

Hoxb4 upregulation by Xuan Bi Tong Yu Fang confers cardioprotection via repression of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway in myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury.

Frontiers in immunology·2026
Same author

TLR4 mediates post-traumatic depression via kynurenine pathway activation in a murine traumatic brain injury model.

Frontiers in pharmacology·2026
Same journal

Correction to 'scSuperAnnotator: A platform for benchmarking comparison and visualizing automated cellular annotation methods for scRNA-seq data'.

Nucleic acids research·2026
Same journal

Correction to 'Differentiable partition function calculation for RNA'.

Nucleic acids research·2026
Same journal

Deployment of non-canonical splicing in tunicate genomes is mediated by divergent U2AF function and changing m6A modification in U1 and U6 snRNA.

Nucleic acids research·2026
Same journal

Bacillus subtilis DnaB forms multiple protein-protein interactions essential for DNA replication initiation.

Nucleic acids research·2026
Same journal

Multiple forms of protein-protein and DNA binding are exhibited by BrxC from the BREX phage restriction system.

Nucleic acids research·2026
Same journal

Biosynthesis of glycosylated 5-hydroxycytosine in the DNA of diverse viruses.

Nucleic acids research·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 12, 2026

Exploring Sequence Space to Identify Binding Sites for Regulatory RNA-Binding Proteins
11:34

Exploring Sequence Space to Identify Binding Sites for Regulatory RNA-Binding Proteins

Published on: August 9, 2019

Enhancing small-molecule-mediated translational control through multivalent RNA aptamers.

Hui-Ye Feng1, Xiao-Jie Wu1, Xiao-Hui Li1

  • 1MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.

Nucleic Acids Research
|June 11, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed a versatile RNA platform using multivalent aptamer design to enhance small molecule control over gene expression. This breakthrough significantly boosts ligand-responsive protein production for synthetic biology and therapeutic applications.

More Related Videos

An Oligonucleotide-based Tandem RNA Isolation Procedure to Recover Eukaryotic mRNA-Protein Complexes
09:45

An Oligonucleotide-based Tandem RNA Isolation Procedure to Recover Eukaryotic mRNA-Protein Complexes

Published on: August 18, 2018

Using In Vitro and In-cell SHAPE to Investigate Small Molecule Induced Pre-mRNA Structural Changes
11:58

Using In Vitro and In-cell SHAPE to Investigate Small Molecule Induced Pre-mRNA Structural Changes

Published on: January 30, 2019

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 12, 2026

Exploring Sequence Space to Identify Binding Sites for Regulatory RNA-Binding Proteins
11:34

Exploring Sequence Space to Identify Binding Sites for Regulatory RNA-Binding Proteins

Published on: August 9, 2019

An Oligonucleotide-based Tandem RNA Isolation Procedure to Recover Eukaryotic mRNA-Protein Complexes
09:45

An Oligonucleotide-based Tandem RNA Isolation Procedure to Recover Eukaryotic mRNA-Protein Complexes

Published on: August 18, 2018

Using In Vitro and In-cell SHAPE to Investigate Small Molecule Induced Pre-mRNA Structural Changes
11:58

Using In Vitro and In-cell SHAPE to Investigate Small Molecule Induced Pre-mRNA Structural Changes

Published on: January 30, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Synthetic Biology
  • Molecular Biology
  • RNA Therapeutics

Background:

  • RNA-based switches offer precise control over gene expression using small molecules.
  • Current RNA switches have limited adaptability and are restricted to specific ligand-aptamer pairs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a generalizable RNA platform for enhanced ligand-responsive protein expression.
  • To overcome limitations of current RNA switches by improving adaptability and response magnitude.

Main Methods:

  • Introduced a multivalent aptamer design to enhance RNA switch performance.
  • Utilized alternative splicing regulation for ligand-controlled protein expression.
  • Tested aptamers for theophylline and tetracycline, improving their induction levels.

Main Results:

  • Achieved over 100-fold induction levels, a significant increase from <10-fold.
  • Demonstrated multiplex and orthogonal control over distinct protein outputs.
  • Successfully manipulated cellular phenotypes by controlling expression of functional proteins like BAX and E-cadherin.

Conclusions:

  • Established a robust and adaptable RNA platform for small-molecule regulation of protein expression.
  • Expanded the toolbox for synthetic biology and therapeutic applications.
  • Showcased the potential of multivalent aptamers to enhance suboptimal RNA switches.