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At the molecular level, visual signals trigger transformations in photopigment molecules, resulting in changes in the photoreceptor cell's membrane potential. The photon's energy level is denoted by its wavelength, with each specific wavelength of visible light associated with a distinct color. The spectral range of visible light, classified as electromagnetic radiation, spans from 380 to 720 nm. Electromagnetic radiation wavelengths exceeding 720 nm fall under the infrared category, whereas...

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Red-to-Blue Photon Upconversion Based on BODIPY Derivative Photosensitizers.

Yun Wu1, Bowen Song1, Jinsong Shao1

  • 1Anhui Province Key Laboratory For Control and Applications of Optoelectronic Information Materials, School of Physics and Electronic Information, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, China.

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Summary

Researchers developed efficient, heavy-atom-free organic sensitizers for red-light triplet-triplet annihilation upconversion (TTA-UC). New BODIPY dimers show superior performance for bioimaging and photon energy conversion applications.

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BODIPY Dimersheavy‐atom‐free sensitizersred to blue upconversiontriplet‐triplet annihilation upconversion

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Area of Science:

  • Organic Photochemistry
  • Materials Science
  • Spectroscopy

Background:

  • Triplet-triplet annihilation upconversion (TTA-UC) is promising for bioimaging and energy conversion.
  • Efficient, heavy-atom-free, red-light-absorbing organic sensitizers are scarce, limiting TTA-UC development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically compare two BODIPY dimers as sensitizers for red-light-excited TTA-UC.
  • To investigate the influence of linkage mode on photophysical properties and triplet state dynamics.
  • To provide a strategy for designing novel TTA-UC sensitizers.

Main Methods:

  • Density functional theory (DFT) calculations.
  • Nanosecond transient absorption spectroscopy.
  • Photophysical property and upconversion luminescence analysis.

Main Results:

  • A thiophene-fused, heavy-atom-free BODIPY dimer (FD) demonstrated superior TTA-UC performance compared to a brominated derivative (2G).
  • FD-based systems achieved upconversion quantum yields up to 8.5% and a high anti-Stokes shift (0.83 eV).
  • Performance surpassed the heavy-atom-containing 2G system.

Conclusions:

  • Linkage mode significantly regulates photophysical properties and triplet state dynamics in BODIPY dimers.
  • The study presents an effective strategy for developing efficient, heavy-atom-free, red-light-absorbing TTA-UC sensitizers.
  • This work advances TTA-UC technology for bioimaging and photon energy conversion.