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Maintaining optimal conditions within fermenters is essential for maximizing microbial productivity and ensuring process efficiency. This lesson focuses on key parameters—temperature, foam, pH, carbon dioxide, oxygen, and pressure—and their precise measurement and control strategies in fermentation systems.Temperature ControlTemperature regulation is critical due to the exothermic nature of many fermentation processes. In small laboratory fermenters, temperature is commonly monitored using...

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Geometric Control of Pressure-Driven Infiltration in Microfluidic Channels.

Aniruddha Saha1, Joshua Krsek1, Giancarlo D'Orazio1

  • 1Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca 14853-0001, New York, United States.

Langmuir : the ACS Journal of Surfaces and Colloids
|June 11, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Channel geometry, not just surface chemistry, can control liquid flow in microchannels. Sinusoidal profiles create capillary barriers for stepped meniscus motion, offering a new geometric strategy for passive flow regulation.

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Area of Science:

  • Microfluidics
  • Fluid Dynamics
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Pressure-driven infiltration in microchannels is typically managed via surface chemistry.
  • The influence of channel geometry on this process is less explored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of channel geometry in regulating pressure-driven infiltration.
  • To demonstrate how sinusoidal channel profiles can control liquid advancement.

Main Methods:

  • Development of an analytical force-balance model including pressure, capillary forces, and viscous dissipation.
  • High-speed synchrotron X-ray radiography of 3D-printed microchannels.
  • Application of a conformal iCVD fluoropolymer coating to modify wettability.

Main Results:

  • Sinusoidal channel profiles create periodic capillary barriers, leading to stepped meniscus motion.
  • Experimental results confirmed the model's predictions of interface arrest and release events.
  • Geometric control of infiltration was achieved independently of surface chemistry.

Conclusions:

  • Channel geometry offers a viable strategy for passive flow regulation in microfluidic systems.
  • Sinusoidal profiles enable precise tuning of pressure-driven infiltration.
  • This geometric approach complements surface chemistry methods for flow control.