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Related Concept Videos

Targeted Cancer Therapies02:57

Targeted Cancer Therapies

The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
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Mitogens and their receptors play a crucial role in controlling the progression of the cell cycle. However, the loss of mitogenic control over cell division leads to tumor formation. Therefore, mitogens and mitogen receptors play an important role in cancer research. For instance, the epidermal growth factor (EGF) - a type of mitogen and its transmembrane receptor (EGFR), decides the fate of the cell's proliferation. When EGF binds to EGFR, a member of the ErbB family of tyrosine kinase...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 13, 2026

Exploring the Pharmacological Action and Molecular Mechanism of Salidroside in Inhibiting MCF-7 Cell Proliferation and Migration
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Arctigenin Suppresses Breast Cancer Growth In Vitro and In Vivo Through Subtype-Specific Multi-Targeting Activity.

Joshua Yang1,2, Qiongyu Hao1,2, Ke Wu1,2

  • 1Division of Cancer Research and Training, Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science, Los Angeles, CA 90059, USA.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|June 12, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Arctigenin (Arc), a natural compound from Arctium lappa, shows strong anticancer effects against various breast cancer subtypes. It inhibits cancer cell growth and migration, offering a promising new therapeutic candidate.

Keywords:
MCF-7MDA-MB-231SKBR3arctigeninestrogen receptor (ER)human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)phytochemicaltriple-negative breast cancer (TNBC)xenograft

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Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Oncology
  • Natural Products Chemistry

Background:

  • Arctigenin (Arc) is a lignan from Arctium lappa with known anti-inflammatory and anticancer properties.
  • Breast cancer comprises diverse molecular subtypes with distinct therapeutic challenges.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the anticancer efficacy of Arctigenin (Arc) in vitro and in vivo across estrogen-receptor-positive (MCF-7), HER2-positive (SKBR3), and triple-negative (MDA-MB-231) breast cancer subtypes.
  • To elucidate the mechanistic insights into Arc's mode of action against breast cancer.

Main Methods:

  • In vitro studies utilized MCF-7, SKBR3, and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell lines.
  • In vivo efficacy and safety were assessed in female severe combined immunodeficient (SCID) mice bearing MCF-7 or MDA-MB-231 xenografts, with daily oral gavage of Arc (50 mg/kg) for 8 weeks.
  • Gene expression profiling (PCR-array), cell-cycle analysis, apoptosis assays, and migration assays were performed.

Main Results:

  • Arc inhibited proliferation in all tested breast cancer cell lines in a dose-dependent manner.
  • Arc induced cell-cycle arrest (G2/M in MCF-7, G0/G1 in MDA-MB-231) and apoptosis, while inhibiting cell migration.
  • In vivo, Arc significantly suppressed tumor growth in xenograft models without overt toxicity, decreasing Ki67 expression.

Conclusions:

  • Arctigenin demonstrates potent, multi-targeting anticancer activity against distinct breast cancer subtypes.
  • Arc's ability to inhibit proliferation, induce cell-cycle arrest and apoptosis, and reduce migration makes it a promising candidate for further preclinical development.