Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Ribosome Profiling02:24

Ribosome Profiling

Ribosome profiling or ribo-sequencing is a deep sequencing technique that produces a snapshot of active translation in a cell. It selectively sequences the mRNAs protected by ribosomes to get an insight into a cell’s translation landscape at any given point in time.
Applications of ribosome profiling
Ribosome profiling has many applications, including in vivo monitoring of translation inside a particular organ or tissue type and quantifying new protein synthesis levels.
The technique helps...
Regulation of Expression at Multiple Steps01:23

Regulation of Expression at Multiple Steps

The gene expression in cells is regulated at different stages: (i) transcription, (ii) RNA processing, (iii) RNA localization, and (iv) translation. Transcriptional regulation is mediated by regulatory proteins such as transcription factors, activators, or repressors—these control gene expression by initiating or inhibiting the transcription of genes. Once a precursor or pre-mRNA is produced, it undergoes post-transcriptional modification, including 5' capping, splicing, and the addition of a...
Chromatin Structure Regulates pre-mRNA Processing02:41

Chromatin Structure Regulates pre-mRNA Processing

In eukaryotic cells, nascent mRNA transcripts need to undergo many post-transcriptional modifications to reach the cell cytoplasm and translate into functional proteins. For a long time, transcription and pre-mRNA processing were considered two independent events that occur sequentially in the cell. However, it has now been well established that transcription and pre-mRNA processing are two simultaneous processes that are precisely regulated inside the cell.
The chromatin structure, especially...
The Nucleolus02:55

The Nucleolus

The nucleolus is the most prominent substructure of the nucleus. When it was first discovered, it was considered to be an isolated organelle that forms fibrils and granules. In 1931, the relationship between the nucleolus and chromosomes was first described by Heitz. He observed that the appearance and size of nucleolus varies depending on the stage of the cell cycle. He also noticed constricted regions on different chromosomes clustered together at definite cell cycle stages. These regions,...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Environmental Pollutant PCB 153 Is Associated with Candidate Alternative Splicing Alterations in Intellectual Disability-Associated Genes: An Exploratory RNA-Seq Splicing Analysis in a Neuronal Model.

Genes·2026
Same author

Neuroinflammation and Secretase Regulation in Alzheimer's Disease: From Molecular Cross-Talk to Multi-Target Therapeutics.

International journal of molecular sciences·2026
Same author

Polychlorinated Biphenyls, Oxidative Stress, and Brain Health: Mechanistic Links to Neurodegenerative and Neurodevelopmental Diseases.

Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland)·2026
Same author

Silent Intruders: The Gut Virome in Brain Aging and Cognitive Decline.

Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland)·2026
Same author

Beyond Neurotrophins: A Proposed Neurotrophic-Epigenetic Axis Mediated by Non-Coding RNA Networks for <i>Hericium erinaceus</i> Bioactives-A Hypothesis-Driven Review.

International journal of molecular sciences·2026
Same author

PCB 153 Modulates Genes Involved in Proteasome and Neurodegeneration-Related Pathways in Differentiated SH-SY5Y Cells: A Transcriptomic Study.

Cells·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 13, 2026

High-Resolution Mapping of Protein-DNA Interactions in Mouse Stem Cell-Derived Neurons using Chromatin Immunoprecipitation-Exonuclease (ChIP-Exo)
08:40

High-Resolution Mapping of Protein-DNA Interactions in Mouse Stem Cell-Derived Neurons using Chromatin Immunoprecipitation-Exonuclease (ChIP-Exo)

Published on: August 14, 2020

PCB 118 Exposure Modulates Chromatin Organization, Ribosome Biogenesis, and Autophagy-Related Pathways in

Simone D'Angiolini1, Serena Silvestro1, Luigi Chiricosta1

  • 1IRCCS Centro Neurolesi "Bonino-Pulejo", Via Provinciale Palermo, Contrada Casazza, 98124 Messina, Italy.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|June 12, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) alter gene expression in human neuron-like cells. PCB 118 exposure remodels chromatin and impairs protein synthesis, potentially driving neurotoxicity.

Keywords:
PCB 118RNA-seqenvironmental pollutantsneurotoxicity mechanismpolychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs)

More Related Videos

Analysis of Translation in the Developing Mouse Brain using Polysome Profiling
08:38

Analysis of Translation in the Developing Mouse Brain using Polysome Profiling

Published on: May 22, 2021

Characterizing Histone Post-translational Modification Alterations in Yeast Neurodegenerative Proteinopathy Models
08:33

Characterizing Histone Post-translational Modification Alterations in Yeast Neurodegenerative Proteinopathy Models

Published on: March 24, 2019

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 13, 2026

High-Resolution Mapping of Protein-DNA Interactions in Mouse Stem Cell-Derived Neurons using Chromatin Immunoprecipitation-Exonuclease (ChIP-Exo)
08:40

High-Resolution Mapping of Protein-DNA Interactions in Mouse Stem Cell-Derived Neurons using Chromatin Immunoprecipitation-Exonuclease (ChIP-Exo)

Published on: August 14, 2020

Analysis of Translation in the Developing Mouse Brain using Polysome Profiling
08:38

Analysis of Translation in the Developing Mouse Brain using Polysome Profiling

Published on: May 22, 2021

Characterizing Histone Post-translational Modification Alterations in Yeast Neurodegenerative Proteinopathy Models
08:33

Characterizing Histone Post-translational Modification Alterations in Yeast Neurodegenerative Proteinopathy Models

Published on: March 24, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Environmental Toxicology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are persistent environmental pollutants linked to neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative diseases.
  • PCB 118, a prevalent congener, exhibits neurotoxic effects, but its molecular mechanisms in human neurons are unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the molecular effects of PCB 118 on human neuron-like cells.
  • To elucidate the transcriptional changes and cellular pathways affected by PCB 118 exposure.

Main Methods:

  • Exposure of retinoic acid-differentiated SH-SY5Y cells to 5 µM PCB 118 for 24 hours.
  • RNA sequencing to identify differentially expressed genes.
  • Functional enrichment and protein-protein interaction analyses to understand pathway alterations.

Main Results:

  • 1239 genes were differentially expressed following PCB 118 exposure.
  • Upregulation of histone and chromatin structural genes suggests significant chromatin remodeling.
  • Downregulation of genes involved in ribosome biogenesis and rRNA processing indicates impaired protein synthesis.

Conclusions:

  • PCB 118 exposure induces coordinated reprogramming of nuclear architecture and translational machinery in human neuron-like cells.
  • These changes, including chromatin remodeling and suppressed ribosome biogenesis, may compromise neuronal homeostasis and contribute to neurotoxicity.
  • The findings provide mechanistic insights into PCB-induced neurodegeneration, highlighting proteostasis and chromatin regulation pathways.