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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 13, 2026

Detection and Monitoring of Tumor Associated Circulating DNA in Patient Biofluids
06:53

Detection and Monitoring of Tumor Associated Circulating DNA in Patient Biofluids

Published on: June 8, 2019

Circulating Tumor DNA as Emerging Predictive and Prognostic Biomarker in Prostate Cancer.

Bicky Thapa1, Jacopo Venturini2, Atish D Choudhury1

  • 1Lank Center for Genitourinary Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA.

Cancers
|June 12, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) liquid biopsies offer real-time insights into advanced prostate cancer, aiding treatment decisions and monitoring resistance. While promising, challenges in sensitivity and standardization need addressing for widespread clinical use.

Keywords:
NGSandrogen receptor pathwayctDNAepigenomicsprecision medicineprostate cancer

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Molecular Diagnostics
  • Genomics

Background:

  • Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) assays are emerging non-invasive tools for advanced prostate cancer.
  • They overcome limitations of traditional tissue biopsies and PSA testing.
  • ctDNA provides real-time insights into tumor molecular heterogeneity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the evolving role of cell-free DNA (cfDNA) technologies in localized and advanced prostate cancer.
  • To highlight the prognostic and predictive value of ctDNA.
  • To discuss ctDNA's role in uncovering treatment resistance mechanisms.

Main Methods:

  • Detection methods include droplet digital PCR, next-generation sequencing, and investigational epigenomic/fragmentomic strategies.
  • Longitudinal ctDNA monitoring is used to predict treatment response.
  • Liquid biopsy enables genomic characterization for treatment decisions, especially in challenging cases like bone-only disease.

Main Results:

  • ctDNA has limited role in localized prostate cancer but significant prognostic value in metastatic disease (high ctDNA correlates with shorter survival).
  • ctDNA monitoring predicts treatment response and identifies resistance mechanisms (e.g., AR alterations, BRCA reversion mutations).
  • Liquid biopsy facilitates genomic characterization for treatment decisions.

Conclusions:

  • ctDNA assays are valuable for advanced prostate cancer prognosis, treatment monitoring, and resistance detection.
  • Challenges include sensitivity in low-burden disease and standardization of workflows.
  • Further efforts are needed for widespread clinical implementation and interpretation standardization.