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Related Concept Videos

Myasthenia Gravis ll: Pathophysiology01:22

Myasthenia Gravis ll: Pathophysiology

The disease process of myasthenia gravis begins at the neuromuscular junction, where antibodies attack key proteins needed for muscle activation. This immune reaction weakens signal transmission, leading to the characteristic muscle fatigue and weakness that define the condition.Immune-Mediated DamageIn most individuals, antibodies target acetylcholine receptors (AChRs) on the postsynaptic membrane of muscle cells. By blocking acetylcholine binding, these antibodies prevent the nerve signal...
Hybridoma Technology01:31

Hybridoma Technology

Hybridoma technology is used for the large-scale production of monoclonal antibodies. Monoclonal antibodies bind to only a single antigenic determinant or epitope. Such antibodies are used in research, diagnostics, and disease therapy. The hybridoma technology established in 1975 by Georges Köhler and Cesar Milstein was awarded the Nobel Prize in Medicine in 1984 for revolutionizing research and therapy.
Hybridoma Selection
Commonly used fusion techniques — electroporation, polyethylene glycol...
Myasthenia Gravis: Overview and Treatment01:20

Myasthenia Gravis: Overview and Treatment

Myasthenia gravis is a neuromuscular transmission disorder characterized by weakness and increased fatigability of skeletal muscles. It is an autoimmune disease affecting approximately one in 2000 people, where antibodies against the α1 subunit of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors are produced.
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Gastritis-II: Pathophysiology01:17

Gastritis-II: Pathophysiology

Gastritis is marked by disruption of the mucosal barrier that usually protects the stomach tissue from digestive juices and manifests in acute and chronic forms.
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Graves' Disease I: Introduction01:28

Graves' Disease I: Introduction

Graves' disease is an autoimmune disorder that causes hyperthyroidism, or overactivity of the thyroid gland. It results from autoantibodies called thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulins (TSIs), which bind to thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) receptors, leading to overstimulation of hormone production and a hypermetabolic state.EtiologyAlthough considered idiopathic, Graves’ disease has well-established contributing factors. There is a strong genetic component, with increased prevalence in...
Hypersensitivity Reactions: Immune-Complex Reactions01:19

Hypersensitivity Reactions: Immune-Complex Reactions

Type III hypersensitivity reactions occur when antigen–antibody complexes form and activate the complement system. Normally, these complexes help the clearance of antigens by phagocytes and red blood cells. However, when large numbers of immune complexes are present, they can deposit in tissues—particularly in the walls of blood vessels—leading to inflammation and tissue injury. These deposits trigger complement activation and neutrophil recruitment, resulting in serum sickness, a systemic...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 13, 2026

Antibody Binding Specificity for Kappa (Vκ) Light Chain-containing Human (IgM) Antibodies: Polysialic Acid (PSA) Attached to NCAM as a Case Study
11:10

Antibody Binding Specificity for Kappa (Vκ) Light Chain-containing Human (IgM) Antibodies: Polysialic Acid (PSA) Attached to NCAM as a Case Study

Published on: June 29, 2016

MAGa: Monoclonal Autoimmune Gammopathies.

Stephanie Torres1, Sarah E Wheeler1, Michael R Shurin1,2

  • 1Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.

Cancers
|June 12, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Multiple myeloma and related plasma cell disorders can involve autoimmune phenomena. Monoclonal immunoglobulins may target self-antigens, leading to specific clinical effects and a new classification: monoclonal autoimmune gammopathies (MAGa).

Keywords:
autoantibodyautoinflammationmonoclonal gammopathyplasma cell disorders

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Generation of Recombinant Human IgG Monoclonal Antibodies from Immortalized Sorted B Cells
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Generation of Recombinant Human IgG Monoclonal Antibodies from Immortalized Sorted B Cells

Published on: June 5, 2015

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 13, 2026

Antibody Binding Specificity for Kappa (Vκ) Light Chain-containing Human (IgM) Antibodies: Polysialic Acid (PSA) Attached to NCAM as a Case Study
11:10

Antibody Binding Specificity for Kappa (Vκ) Light Chain-containing Human (IgM) Antibodies: Polysialic Acid (PSA) Attached to NCAM as a Case Study

Published on: June 29, 2016

Generation of Recombinant Human IgG Monoclonal Antibodies from Immortalized Sorted B Cells
10:32

Generation of Recombinant Human IgG Monoclonal Antibodies from Immortalized Sorted B Cells

Published on: June 5, 2015

Area of Science:

  • Hematology
  • Immunology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Bidirectional links exist between immune disorders and plasma cell neoplasms like multiple myeloma.
  • Autoimmune diseases are known to precede or complicate B-cell lymphoproliferative disorders.
  • Plasma cell dyscrasias are established in patients with autoimmune diseases, suggesting shared origins.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review evidence linking monoclonal immunoglobulins in plasma cell disorders to autoimmune phenomena.
  • To explore the clinical significance of monoclonal paraproteins binding to self-antigens.
  • To introduce the concept of monoclonal autoimmune gammopathies (MAGa).

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of published clinical and experimental data.
  • Review of studies on monoclonal immunoglobulins in multiple myeloma and precursor conditions.
  • Presentation of pilot data on antinuclear antibody reactivity in monoclonal gammopathy.

Main Results:

  • Many patients with plasma cell dyscrasias show clinical signs of antigen-antibody interactions with self-antigens.
  • Monoclonal paraproteins can bind to neural antigens, insulin, complement, and other endogenous targets.
  • Pilot data indicate antinuclear antibody reactivity in 38% of IgM monoclonal gammopathy sera.

Conclusions:

  • Identifying monoclonal immunoglobulin targets is crucial for diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of plasma cell disorders.
  • Targeting specific autoantibodies may lead to novel therapies.
  • Monoclonal autoimmune gammopathies (MAGa) represent a distinct subset characterized by pathogenic autoantibody activity.