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Characterizing Multifunctional Mesoporous Cerium Silicate Nanoparticles for Potential Use in Bioactive Dental
Robert S Jones1, Taruna Singh2, Isha Mutreja3
1Division of Pediatric Dentistry, Department of Developmental & Surgical Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
Materials (Basel, Switzerland)
|June 12, 2026
Summary
Mesoporous cerium silicate nanoparticles (MPCeSi-NPs) show excellent biocompatibility and bioinductivity, enhancing oral restorative materials. These nanoparticles promote biomineralization and maintain mechanical properties, offering improved biological responses.
Area of Science:
- Biomaterials Science
- Nanotechnology
- Dental Materials
Background:
- Cerium silicate (CeSi) nanoparticles (NPs) offer potential as restorative fillers with multifunctional properties.
- Fabricating mesoporous CeSi NPs (MPCeSi-NPs) allows loading with inhibitors like gallein to enhance biological activity.
- MPCeSi-NPs can improve the longevity and biological response of dental restorative materials.
Purpose of the Study:
- To synthesize and characterize mesoporous cerium silicate nanoparticles (MPCeSi-NPs).
- To evaluate the biocompatibility, biomineralization potential, and antimicrobial activity of MPCeSi-NPs.
- To assess the impact of MPCeSi-NPs on the mechanical properties of dental resin composites.
Main Methods:
- MPCeSi-NPs were synthesized using a microemulsion method with CTAB templating.
- Biocompatibility was tested with oral keratinocytes and fibroblasts; biomineralization was assessed using BM-MSCs.
- Antimicrobial activity against Rothia dentocariosa and mechanical properties in a TEGDMA:BisGMA resin were evaluated.
Main Results:
- MPCeSi-NPs demonstrated high biocompatibility with oral cells at concentrations below 300 µg/mL.
- MPCeSi-NPs induced biomineralization in BM-MSCs, with higher cerium levels correlating with increased mineralization.
- Incorporation of 1% wt MPCeSi-NPs did not compromise the mechanical properties or polymerization of the resin composite, showing controlled gallein release.
Conclusions:
- MPCeSi-NPs are highly biocompatible and bioinductive, suitable for dental applications.
- These nanoparticles have the potential to enhance the biological performance of current restorative materials.
- Further research can explore optimizing MPCeSi-NPs for improved antimicrobial efficacy and long-term stability in dental restorations.
