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Research on Electro-Acoustic Synergistic Partial Discharge Detection Technology for Cable Terminations.

Cong Chen1, Xiaojian Wang1, Yanju Li2

  • 1China Power Huachuang (Suzhou) Electricity Technology Research Co., Ltd., Suzhou 215123, China.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|June 12, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces an electro-acoustic method for precise partial discharge (PD) localization in high-voltage cables. The technique uses a high-frequency current transformer and Sagnac fiber sensors, achieving 5 mm localization error in lab tests.

Keywords:
Sagnac optical fiber interferometercable terminationhigh-frequency current transformerpartial discharge

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Area of Science:

  • Electrical Engineering
  • Materials Science
  • Physics

Background:

  • Partial discharge (PD) detection in high-voltage cable terminations suffers from limited spatial localization accuracy.
  • Traditional ultrasonic detection methods face challenges in accurately determining the trigger time for PD events.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and demonstrate an electro-acoustic synergistic localization technology for improved PD detection.
  • To enhance the spatial localization accuracy and trigger time determination for PD in cable terminations.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a high-sensitivity Sagnac acoustic sensor using a 3D-printed photosensitive resin mandrel with a resonant response at 33.2 kHz.
  • Constructed an electro-acoustic synergistic detection system utilizing a high-frequency current transformer (HFCT) for electrical time reference and a dual-channel Sagnac sensor array for ultrasonic wave arrival times.
  • Tested the system in a 12 kV laboratory cable-termination PD experiment.

Main Results:

  • The Sagnac acoustic sensor demonstrated narrow-band, high-sensitivity characteristics for weak PD ultrasonic signals.
  • The electro-acoustic synergistic system achieved an absolute localization error of 5 mm for a representative built-in air-gap PD source in the laboratory setup.
  • The system successfully combined the fast electrical response of HFCT with the electromagnetic-interference immunity and acoustic sensitivity of Sagnac fiber-optic sensing.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed electro-acoustic synergistic localization technology offers a promising approach for accurate PD detection in high-voltage cable terminations.
  • This study provides a proof-of-concept for integrating electrical and optical sensing for enhanced PD source identification.
  • The developed Sagnac acoustic sensor shows potential for detecting weak ultrasonic signals crucial for PD monitoring.