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Craniofacial Growth in Patients With Cleft Before and After Puberty: A Longitudinal Case-Control Study.
Mónica Isabel Tavares Amorim1, Joana Godinho1, Paul Mario Caruso2
1Division of Orthodontics, Faculdade de Medicina Dentária, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.
Craniofacial morphology differs significantly between individuals with cleft lip (CL) and cleft lip and palate (CLP) compared to controls. Both CLP and CL groups exhibit distinct maxillary and mandibular growth patterns, impacting orthodontic treatment planning.
Area of Science:
- Craniofacial morphology
- Orthodontics
- Genetics
Background:
- Cleft lip (CL) and cleft lip and palate (CLP) are common congenital conditions affecting craniofacial development.
- Understanding morphological differences is crucial for effective orthodontic intervention.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare craniofacial morphology in isolated cleft lip (CL), cleft lip and palate (CLP), and control groups.
- To analyze changes in morphology before and after the pubertal growth spurt.
Main Methods:
- Cephalometric data collected from 71 patients (CLP, CL, and controls) before and after puberty.
- Statistical analysis using ANOVA and Kruskal-Wallis tests.
Main Results:
- Significant differences in maxillary and mandibular angles were observed between cleft groups and controls.
- Impaired sagittal maxillary growth noted in the CL group during puberty.
- CLP group showed significantly lower Sella-Nasion-A and Sella-Nasion-B angles.
Conclusions:
- Individuals with CLP and CL present distinct craniofacial morphologies and growth patterns.
- These differences necessitate tailored orthodontic planning and treatment strategies.
- Maxillary growth is impaired in CL patients during puberty.
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