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Exploring the Joint Impact of METS-VF and Functional Limitation on Cardiometabolic Multimorbidity Risk
Xuhui Chen1, Ying Wang1, Jiaofen Wu1
1Department of Pharmacy, Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China, nbws.gov.cn.
Journal of Diabetes Research
|June 12, 2026
Summary
High visceral fat (METS-VF) and functional limitations independently predict cardiometabolic multimorbidity (CMM). Their combined presence significantly elevates CMM risk, highlighting the need for integrated clinical assessments.
Area of Science:
- Public health research focusing on cardiometabolic diseases.
- Epidemiology of chronic disease risk factors.
- Gerontology and aging research.
Background:
- Cardiometabolic multimorbidity (CMM) presents a major public health challenge, increasing mortality and reducing life quality.
- Both the metabolic score for visceral fat (METS-VF) and functional limitation are known individual risk factors for cardiometabolic health.
- The complex relationship between functional limitation and CMM necessitates further investigation into their independent and joint effects on CMM onset.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically investigate the independent and joint effects of METS-VF (visceral obesity) and functional limitation on the risk of CMM onset.
- To provide evidence for targeted interventions by elucidating these associations.
Main Methods:
- Prospective cohort study using data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS).
- Included 8140 participants for cross-sectional analysis and 5356 CMM-free individuals for longitudinal follow-up.
- Assessed CMM, functional limitations (ADL/IADL), and employed Cox regression and restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis.
Main Results:
- METS-VF showed a nonlinear positive association with CMM risk.
- High METS-VF (HR=1.77) and continuous functional limitations (HR=1.12) were independent predictors of incident CMM.
- A significant joint effect was observed: high METS-VF and functional limitations together yielded the highest risk (HR=2.43); combined model AUC=0.680.
Conclusions:
- METS-VF and functional limitations are potent independent predictors of CMM.
- Their simultaneous presence significantly amplifies CMM risk.
- Integrating METS-VF and functional assessments can improve CMM risk stratification and early identification of high-risk individuals.
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