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Related Concept Videos

Alterations in Muscle Tone ll01:12

Alterations in Muscle Tone ll

Alterations in muscle tone are common manifestations of neurological disorders and reflect dysfunction within different nervous system regions. Spasticity, paratonia, and dystonia represent distinct forms of hypertonia, each with unique mechanisms, clinical features, and diagnostic importance.CharacteristicsSpasticity happens from upper motor neuron lesions and is characterized by velocity-dependent resistance to passive movement. Clinical features include:Exaggerated deep tendon reflexesClonus...
Alterations in Muscle Tone lll01:11

Alterations in Muscle Tone lll

Rigidity and myotonia are distinct abnormalities of muscle tone that affect resistance and relaxation during movement. Although both involve altered muscle contraction, they arise from different neurological and muscular mechanisms.CharacteristicsRigidity is characterized by uniform resistance to passive movement across the entire range, independent of speed, affecting flexors and extensors equally. It may appear as lead-pipe rigidity (smooth, constant resistance) or cogwheel rigidity...
Parkinson Disease l: Introduction01:24

Parkinson Disease l: Introduction

Parkinson’s disease is a chronic, progressive neurodegenerative disorder that primarily affects movement. It is characterized by motor symptoms such as resting tremors, muscle rigidity, bradykinesia (slowness of movement), and postural instability. Patients may notice hand tremors at rest, stiffness during movement, or a shuffling gait. In addition to motor features, non-motor symptoms include sleep disturbances, mood and behavioral changes, constipation, and cognitive impairment, all of which...
Parkinson Disease ll: Pathophysiology01:24

Parkinson Disease ll: Pathophysiology

Parkinson disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder primarily affecting movement, with additional non-motor features. Its pathophysiology involves complex interactions among genetic susceptibility, environmental exposures, and cellular dysfunction, including dopaminergic neuron loss, protein aggregation, and mitochondrial impairment.Selective NeurodegenerationA key feature is the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta, leading to reduced...
Orthogonal Trajectories01:26

Orthogonal Trajectories

Orthogonal trajectories describe the geometric relationship between two families of curves that intersect each other at right angles. One illustrative case involves a family of parabolas that open sideways along the x-axis. These curves share a common shape but differ by a scaling parameter, resulting in a set of curves that all pass through the origin and widen at different rates.Determining Orthogonal TrajectoriesTo identify the orthogonal trajectories for these parabolas, the first step...
Parkinson's Disease: Overview01:15

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Neurodegenerative disorders are progressive diseases that cause irreversible damage and loss to neurons in specific brain areas. Examples of these disorders include Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, Multiple Sclerosis (MS), and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS). These disorders share characteristics such as proteinopathies, selective neuronal vulnerability, and a complex interplay between genetic and environmental factors. The primary therapeutic goal for these conditions is to...

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Updated: Jun 13, 2026

MRI-guided Focused Ultrasound Thalamotomy for Patients with Medically-refractory Essential Tremor
05:54

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Published on: December 13, 2017

Longitudinal Intention Tremor Trajectories in Essential Tremor: A Comment.

Muhammad Saqib Khan1,2, Syed Huzaifa Khan1,2

  • 1Khyber Medical University, Peshawar, Pakistan.

Tremor and Other Hyperkinetic Movements (New York, N.Y.)
|June 12, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Essential tremor intention tremor severity may increase over time, but this does not confirm cerebellar degeneration. Patient outcomes vary significantly, highlighting phenotypic differences in essential tremor.

Keywords:
Essential TremorIntention TremorLongitudinal Study

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Neuroscience
  • Movement Disorders

Background:

  • Essential tremor (ET) is a common neurological disorder characterized by tremor.
  • Longitudinal changes in intention tremor severity in ET are not well understood.
  • Cerebellar involvement is often suspected in ET, but direct evidence is limited.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine longitudinal changes in intention tremor severity in patients with essential tremor.
  • To investigate whether intention tremor worsens over time in ET.
  • To explore the relationship between tremor progression and potential underlying cerebellar pathology.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective study design.
  • Longitudinal assessment of intention tremor severity.
  • Analysis of tremor trajectories in a cohort of essential tremor patients.

Main Results:

  • A significant group-level increase in intention tremor severity was observed over time.
  • Substantial heterogeneity in tremor progression was noted, with many patients showing stable or improved tremor.
  • The findings suggest that tremor progression in ET is not uniform.

Conclusions:

  • While intention tremor may worsen in some ET patients, this does not automatically confirm progressive cerebellar degeneration.
  • Phenotypic variability within essential tremor likely contributes to diverse tremor trajectories.
  • Future research should integrate neuroimaging and functional measures to elucidate the link between tremor progression and cerebellar structure/function in ET.