Assessment of buccal corridor, maxillary interincisal midline and gingival display during smiling: A digital...

Objective assessment of key smile aesthetic parameters such as buccal corridor width, midline deviation and gingival display remains insufficiently standardized across populations. Therefore, it is of interest to evaluate these parameters in 200 young adults with natural dentition using calibrated digital photographic analysis and software-based measurements. Standardized frontal smile photographs were analyzed to determine buccal corridor width ratio, maxillary midline deviation relative to facial midline and gingival display classification. The results showed a mean buccal corridor width ratio of 72.84 ± 6.32%, centered midline in 78.3% of participants and average gingival display in 55.0%, with significant gender differences observed in buccal corridor and gingival display. Thus, we show that moderate buccal corridor width, centered midline and average gingival display are common features, with minor midline deviations within 2 mm being clinically acceptable, supporting the use of digital photographic analysis for reliable aesthetic evaluation.