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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 13, 2026

Magnetically-Assisted Remote Controlled Microcatheter Tip Deflection under Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Magnetically-Assisted Remote Controlled Microcatheter Tip Deflection under Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Published on: April 4, 2013

A Soft Magnetic Jamming Method Enabling Variable Stiffness and Active Steering for Robotic Catheter.

Qi Luo¹, Hongzhe Sun¹, Weikang Liu²

¹Department of Mechanical and Automation Engineering and T Stone Robotics Institute, he Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong.

|June 12, 2026

Summary

This study presents a novel magnetic jamming method for endovascular catheters, enabling simultaneous steering and variable stiffness (VS) from a single magnetic source. This innovation promises safer, more efficient, and potentially autonomous minimally invasive procedures.

Keywords:

magnetic jamming soft robotics steering surgery catheter variable stiffness

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Last Updated: Jun 13, 2026

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Published on: April 21, 2013

Design and Fabrication of an Elastomeric Unit for Soft Modular Robots in Minimally Invasive Surgery

Design and Fabrication of an Elastomeric Unit for Soft Modular Robots in Minimally Invasive Surgery

Published on: November 14, 2015

Area of Science:

Biomedical Engineering
Materials Science
Robotics

Background:

Endovascular interventions require catheters with both steering and variable stiffness (VS) capabilities.
Current methods often use multiple systems, leading to bulkiness, reduced efficiency, and safety concerns.

Purpose of the Study:

To introduce a novel, single-source magnetic jamming method for achieving both steering and VS in endovascular catheters.
To develop and validate a physics-based model correlating magnetic field parameters with catheter performance.

Main Methods:

Developed a carrier-free, matrix-free magnetic jamming scheme encapsulating soft-magnetic powder in coaxial tubes.
Established an analytical micro-to-macro stiffness model linking field parameters and particle properties to stiffness and steering.
Validated the magnetic jamming method and stiffness model on catheter prototypes.

Main Results:

Demonstrated single-source, field-driven steering and reversible VS through interparticle jamming.
Achieved substantial field-tunable stiffness modulation (up to 300-fold).
Validated the physics-based stiffness model and prototype performance against vacuum jamming.

Conclusions:

The magnetic jamming approach enables on-demand steering and rapid, large-range stiffness modulation in millimeter-scale catheters.
This technology offers potential for faster navigation, stable device deployment, and workflow-friendly autonomous endovascular interventions.