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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 14, 2026

An Injectable and Drug-loaded Supramolecular Hydrogel for Local Catheter Injection into the Pig Heart
10:28

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Published on: June 7, 2015

Injectable Hydrogel-Based Delivery of Soluble Cripto Protein Enhances Repair After Skeletal Muscle Injury.

Rachel Lev Gur1, Orit Bar-Am1, Galit Saar2

  • 1Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel.

ACS Biomaterials Science & Engineering
|June 12, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Injectable hydrogels improve muscle regeneration by delivering Cripto protein. This thermoresponsive Pluronic F127-fibrinogen (FF) hydrogel platform ensures sustained protein release, enhancing skeletal muscle repair.

Keywords:
hydrogel biodegradationmuscle injurymyostatin inhibitionprotein therapeuticsregenerative biomaterialstissue engineering

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Last Updated: Jun 14, 2026

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Injectable Supramolecular Polymer-Nanoparticle Hydrogels for Cell and Drug Delivery Applications
09:39

Injectable Supramolecular Polymer-Nanoparticle Hydrogels for Cell and Drug Delivery Applications

Published on: February 7, 2021

Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Regenerative Medicine
  • Tissue Engineering

Background:

  • Injectable protein therapies are promising for skeletal muscle regeneration but face challenges with stability and delivery.
  • Current methods struggle with poor in vivo stability, rapid diffusion, and insufficient bioavailability at injury sites.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a thermoresponsive, injectable hydrogel for sustained delivery of Cripto protein to enhance skeletal muscle regeneration.
  • To evaluate the efficacy of the Pluronic F127-fibrinogen (FF) hydrogel in a cardiotoxin-induced skeletal muscle injury model.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of a thermoresponsive Pluronic F127-fibrinogen (FF) hydrogel.
  • Entrapment and in situ gelation of soluble Cripto within the FF hydrogel at physiological temperature.
  • Assessment of Cripto release kinetics and receptor-binding activity.
  • Evaluation of muscle regeneration in a cardiotoxin-induced injury model in mice, comparing FF-mediated delivery to bolus delivery.

Main Results:

  • The FF hydrogel demonstrated sustained Cripto release for up to 28 days while maintaining bioactivity.
  • FF-mediated Cripto delivery significantly improved skeletal muscle repair compared to bolus delivery.
  • Key indicators of enhanced muscle repair included increased centrally nucleated myofibers, larger fiber cross-sectional area, and elevated desmin expression.
  • FF hydrogel biodegradation was synchronized with the muscle regeneration window, optimizing protein bioavailability.

Conclusions:

  • Injectable FF hydrogels provide a practical platform for temporally controlled protein delivery in skeletal muscle regeneration.
  • This approach overcomes limitations of traditional protein therapies, offering improved therapeutic outcomes.
  • The FF hydrogel system shows potential for clinical translation in treating muscle injuries.